Definition and Examples of Figurative Meaning

Black Psychology - 2214 Words

Divided Among two Different Views of the World: But this is my Story Michelle Williams Black Psychology Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University Abstract: This is an autobiographical essay where I briefly analyzes and interpret significant and impactful events that has transpired over my last 20 years in my life from school to my community in Portland, Oregon. The objective of this essay is to connect concepts and the course objectives related to Black Psychology which I enrolled in at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) spring 2009 term. The outline for this essay is in a chronological age order starting from my birth in 1988 till my current experience at†¦show more content†¦The foundation of the Tag program continues and supports â€Å"White Supremacy†. The definition the European psychologist use to define intelligence which were examined on Caucasians only was: â€Å"(a) the repertoire of intellectual/cognitive skills and knowledge available to a person at any one period of time, or (b) the aggregate of global capacity of the individual to act purposely, to think rationally, and to dea l effectively with his/her environment† (Kambon,1998). The names of a couple of exams that exemplified that one was intelligent were: The Alfred Binet and the Binet Test, also known as Intelligence Quotient/ IQ, Charles Spearman with the GS Factor test, and a few others (Kambon, 1998). Robert L. Williams the second National Chairman/ President of American of Black Psychologists (ABPsi) (Kambon, 1998), developed a â€Å"Black â€Å"cultural specific† intelligence test which demonstrated that Blacks could perform superiority to Whites on such a Black cultural based test. The test was called Black Intelligence Test for Cultural Homogeneity† formally known as â€Å"BITCH’. His intelligence test showcased that African-American students were out performing whites by 30 to 50 points (Kambon, 1998). In relations to my acceptance to the TAG program I felt a sense of being privileged, superior, and connected to the white race in some sense. I belittled my peers wh o the Europeans and the test scored them as being underachievers. Through my actions I had continued on theShow MoreRelatedEdward Cecil Sumner : Father Of Black Psychology1241 Words   |  5 Pagespsychologist, he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter who you are, what you are, or where you come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t have an education pass junior high, and was looked down upon because he was black. Francis Cecil Sumner was born onRead MoreFrancis Sumner s Father Of Black Psychology Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pagespsychologist; he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter whom you are, what you are, or where you come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t have an education pass junior high, and was looked down upon because he was black. Francis Cecil Sumner was born onRead MoreBlack Swan Psychology Review1700 Words   |  7 Pages Using Behavioral Therapy to Treat Borderline Personality Disorder The Black Swan is a psycho thriller film that narrates the demise of a young talented twenty-some year old ballerina named Nina Sayers. The story begins with the main character Nina anticipating her lead role as the Swan Queen in the upcoming new production of Swan Lake. This new version of Swan Lake as presented by the artistic director, Thomas Leroy, tells the story of a virginal girl that is trapped in the body of a White SwanRead MoreBehaviorism or Black Box Psychology Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe idea behind the behaviorist branch is that they believe that psychology is studied through observable behaviors. The behaviorists were the first to focus on more objective research as opposed to the subjective research like the previous leaders in psychology such as Titchener and Freud (Lilienfeld, Lynn, Namy, Woolf). Behaviorism or black box psychology opened the eyes of the psychology community by showing them that they should not just rely on the reports of others, but having data they couldRead MoreDr. Simons And Christopher F Chabris1087 Words   |  5 Pagesfocusing on something else. The concept rose from Harvard psychologists Daniel J Simons and Christopher F Chabris’ 1999 ‘Gorillas in our midst’ study. Their aim was to study the psychology of vision, doing so by creating four 75- seconds films involving two team of 3 players, one team wearing white tops and the other wearing black, moving around passing 2 balls continuously. Two conditions were used; after 44-48 s either a woman holding an umbrella would appear in the film or a woman in a gorilla costumeRead MoreThe Role Of Psychology And Social Change891 Words   |  4 Pages3- to 5-page paper that addresses the following: †¢ The role of psychology with regard to your social change or social justice topic †¢ An evaluation of the ethnic inequalities on the psychological well-being of the population(s) affected by your social change or social justice topic †¢ An analysis of any concerns regarding ethnic inequality as it pertains to your social change or social justice topic †¢ An analysis of the role of psychology in impacting historical biases and oppression and addressingRead MorePsychology Is Everywhere You Look957 Words   |  4 Pages Psychology is everywhere you look (Caldwell 2014). It can be found within TV shows, music, sports, and even society. The textbook, Exploring Psychology, begins to explore the social, cognitive, and emotional roots of prejudice within society (545). Prejudice has remained a huge obstacle throughout world history. With the recent murders of unarmed African American men, the aspect of police brutality begins to relate back to prejudice. According to Jesse Holland of the Associated Press, the recentRead MoreWhat Are Some Psychologists?1597 Words   |  7 Pagesact as critical evaluators and clarifiers of psychology s ideas and practices, and focus on the process of theorising itself, while other psychologists do not engage in theoretical research at all. Empirical facts are understood in the light of a specific t heory, and theory is built from a careful consideration of the facts. Indeed, theory and research are so intertwined that neither can exist without the other, and both are required to see psychology flourish (Sandin, 2006). While this is a generallyRead MoreGeneral Psychology Course At The University Of Massachusetts Lowell850 Words   |  4 PagesParticipants The study participants were enrolled in General Psychology courses at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. The participants were 121 men and women (90 males, 30 females, 1 declined to answer). All students were between the ages of 18 and 25. In addition, 2.5% (n=3) participants have not served on a jury while 97.5% (n=118) have not. Study participants received one research credit for their General Psychology course. All General Psychology students are required to earn 10 research credits duringRead MoreSocial Psychology : Psychology And Behavioral Psychology1170 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Psychology Professor: Dr. Monique Guiscard Answers to Homework #1 1-Social psychology is an approach that try to explain the way that people can be influenced by others in their â€Å"thinking, feelings, and in their behavior.† This influenced can happened by real or image presence of other people. 1A- Other major areas of study of are cognitive psychology and behavioral psychology this are the centrals. However, psychology has connections with social neuroscience, clinical psychology, positive

A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

string(71) " non hold big rivers that can be used to bring forth electricity with\." This study investigates assorted sustainable energy beginnings in order to set up which beginning would be most dependable to run into the electricity demand of South Africa. Hydro-energy, air current energy, ocean current energy and solar energy were studied. Although an substructure already exist, for air current energy the study concludes that solar energy would be the most dependable renewable energy beginning. We will write a custom essay sample on A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Modern societies across the Earth are dependent on the handiness of dependable electricity supply for the care of human and economical activities. Worldwide people are hence progressively concerned about the handiness and the sustainability of energy beginnings for the coevals of electricity. Presently in South Africa the topic â€Å" sustainable energy † is besides high on the docket. This study will look into the place of electricity supply in South Africa and the possible solution that sustainable energy beginnings might keep for South Africa. This study will foremost give a historical overview of the origin and the development of the electricity supply industry in South Africa. Then it will look briefly at the complex inquiries that electricity providers have to face. Finally the assorted types of sustanable energy applicable to South Africa, viz. hydroenergy, air current energy, ocean current energy and solar energy will be discussed. 2 Historic overview The history of the origin and development of the Southern African electricity supply industry is a absorbing topic. The proficient challenges, the interaction with Industry every bit good as political leaders is non new, but has been portion of electricity from the exchanging on of the first street visible radiations on the African continent in Kimberley on 1 September 1882, three yearss before the launching of the first commercial power station in New York. The history of sustainable energy in South Africa is in fact longer than most people would conceive of. Already in 1895 there were attempts to tap the hydro-energy potency of the Victoria Waterfalls. In 1895, forty old ages after Livingstone had discovered the Victoria Falls, Professor George Forbes arrived in Southern Africa. He was the interior decorator of the Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power Station, which was at that clip the largest power strategy in the universe. With the Victoria Falls, non merely every bit broad as Niagara, but with dual the tallness, he could non neglect to be impressed by its possible as a hydroelectric strategy to provide the Witwatersrand with an abundant and inexpensive supply of electricity. Although the chief obstruction came in the signifier of the 1 000 kilometer distance over which the power had to be transmitted, a subordinate called the African Concession Syndicate was created in 1901. This mob was granted the exclusive right to tackle the Zambezi River for present and future hydroelectric power strategies. In malice of these readyings, the usage of H2O in the coevals of electricity would merely come much later ( Conradie A ; Messerschmidt, 2000 ) . 3 The complexnesss of electricity systems During the argument in the media around the current crisis a few affairs became clear. First, it is non widely understood that electricity can non be stored and in the instance of renewable energy beginnings, that becomes a major challenge. The 2nd complexness that was ( and still is ) non widely understood, is the complex workings of the electricity supply. The coevals of electricity from power Stationss which are largely situated in the northern inside of the sub-continent and conveyed to the client by manner of 28 000 kilometer of high electromotive force and 250 000 kilometer of lower electromotive force lines, is besides hard to understand. The reconciliation of changing supply and demand requires the changeless attending of the National Control Centre and if the demand outstrips the supply, it is possible to see entire electromotive force prostration, similar to the state of affairs in the north eastern American continent on 14 August 2003 when the consecutive tripping of power lines by trees under power lines in three different countries lead to a electromotive force prostration of the transmittal system. This plunged big metropoliss like New York and Washington in partial darkness and metropoliss like Toronto in entire darkness. The full Restoration of the power system took about a hebdomad to finish. The term â€Å" burden casting † ( besides non understood by most ) is used to denote the sloughing of burden or electricity demand in order to forestall the 50 Hz frequence from dropping excessively low, ensuing in under-frequency tripping of power Stationss and entire electromotive force prostration. 4 Sustainable energy For many old ages South Africa has been, and still is, bring forthing some of the cheapest electricity in the universe. This was mostly due to the handiness of really inexpensive low class coal. With the lifting demand in the remainder of the universe for that coal, South Africans will decidedly experience the pinch. Because of this state of affairs the natural response is to look at pull offing the demand for electricity every bit good as investigate renewable energy beginnings. As can be seen in Figure 1, a figure of sustainable energy beginnings have been identified in the universe. These beginnings can be classified harmonizing to the type of energy they produce. The challenge for South Africa is to use those beginnings most fitting for the fortunes here. Figure 1: Sustainable energy beginnings identified worldwide ( Beginning: Renewable energy. The possible and the restrictions. 2008. [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fraw.org.uk. [ 2009, December 15 ] . ) Two chief issues need to be considered when looking at the viability of alternate energy beginnings. The first is of class the proficient feasibleness of the undertaking. The 2nd is the cost at which electricity can be produced by the alternate beginning. 5 Hydroenergy One of the most obvious renewable beginnings is hydroenergy. In many states, particularly in the Northern hemisphere, many electrical public-service corporations produce power in this manner. In the instance of South Africa, the state does non hold big rivers that can be used to bring forth electricity with. You read "A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay" in category "Essay examples" 6 Current usage of hydroenergy in South Africa At this phase Eskom operates a figure of pump storage strategies that pump H2O into keeping dikes during off-peak periods and usage that to bring forth power during extremum periods. As such this is non a renewable beginning as it uses electricity from dodo fuelled power Stationss for pumping H2O. 7 The Congo river as the energy provider for Southern Africa One instead ambitious undertaking that Eskom is presently involved in is to use the hydroenergy from the Congo River. Harmonizing to its inaugural one-year study, the Western Power Corridor ( PTY ) Ltd ( Westcor ) ( 2008 ) proposes to tap the rich, big graduated table renewable hydroresources of the Western, Central and Eastern Corridor of Southern Africa finally. When to the full tapped, the magnitudes will transcend 100GW. This joint venture between the take parting national state-owned electricity companies of Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Namibia and South Africa was signed on 7 September 2005 in Gabarone, Botswana. Harmonizing to Mr E Nelumba, Chairman of the Shareholders Steering Committee, Westcor was formed to develop the Western Power Corridor which includes the development of the 3 500 MW tally of river hydroelectric power works at Inga 3 in the Democratic Republic of Congo ( DRC ) . It will besides build power transmittal systems to incorporate with the national grids of the participating every bit good as the remainder of southern Africa. The concluding aspiration is to bring forth 10 000 MW at Inga 3. The Congo River has an estimated 100 000 MW capacity with 40 000 M3s per second and all possible sites are under examination to finally make the end of 50 000 MW of Grand Inga. This is larger than the sum installed capacity of the full Eskom system. Angola has besides indicated that their exploitable hydroelectric potency is about 18 000 MW of which merely 810 MW is presently used. One of the great challenges of this undertaking remains the transmittal of the power to the chief clients in the South. In order to reassign the power faithfully and economically it would be necessary to run the 4 000 kilometer power lines at electromotive force between 600 kilovolts and 1000 kilovolt. The engineering to be able to make this is still in its babyhood and is the topic of current research. To add to the quandary the environment that the proposed lines will track includes countries with some of the highest happening of veld fires and these have the ability to do breaks to the flow of power. 8 Wind energy The usage of air current as an energy beginning is likely one of the best known signifiers of renewable energy and successful commercial operations have been around for a long piece. Harmonizing to the IngenierbAA?ro fAA?r neue Energien air current coevals in Germany sums to 39 500 GWh ( Power in Europe, 2008 ) . This accounts for more than half of the renewable energy in that state. The universe ‘s entire installed capacity of air current generators was 94 GW at the terminal of 2007 ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . 9 Wind turbines in usage presently Eskom commissioned three wind turbines between August 2002 and February 2003 at its Klipheuwel site North of Cape Town. Two Danish turbines and one French turbine, with a combined capacity of 3.16 MW, were installed to enable Eskom to compare the different design and operational features. To day of the month the installation has generated more than 15 GWh, which was fed into the grid at the Klipheuwel 11 kV/66kV substation ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . The single power, responsibility rhythm and cost features of each of the turbines are being collected in a engineering matrix that will finally incorporate a suite of Renewable Energy engineering options, with air current being the first. The tower dynamic features and quiver status supervising baseline measurings every bit good as the interaction between the grid and the generators have already been done. The production analysis will be used in the future selling of green energy ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . 10 Variability in available energy As with other signifiers of renewable energy, the variableness in the available energy is an issue that concerns the developers of these systems. Wind is no exclusion and in this instance an accurate finding of air current climatologies is required, based on several old ages of air current informations. A well-known survey carried out by Geernaert et Al ( 1988 ) used information of a 109 old ages ( between 1873 and 1982 ) and showed that fluctuations of up to 30 % from the average value can be expected from one decennary to the following. This information is important if it is considered that the installation may hold a lifetime of 20 old ages and longer. The available air current energy is of class besides influenced by topographical factors every bit good as variableness in air current speed due to height fluctuations. This makes the pick of the appropriate site a really of import issue. 11 The hereafter of air current energy With the valuable research done at Klipheuwel the hereafter for air current coevals seems bright. Eskom announced the building of a 100 MW installation on the West Coast close to Koekenaap in 2007. The EIA and commercial activities are good underway and building is planned to get down tardily in 2008. The installation will dwell of approximately 50 units runing between 1.5 to 2.5 MW and will be integrated into the 132 kilovolt system at Eskom ‘s Juno or Koekenaap substations. Based on the variableness discussed above and an energy use factor of 26 % , the installation is expected to bring forth 2 28G Wh per annum ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . Based on old experience the building of the installation will take about one twelvemonth to finish. 12 Ocean current energy The energy fluxes of the oceans have attracted the attending of applied scientists for a long clip and include the assorted signifiers. 13 Continual moving ridge gesture The continual moving ridge gesture that can power coevals devices. One illustration is the US $ 29.5m experimental installation of Scots Power at the Orkney Islands ( Power in Europe, 2008 ) . The Pelamis system consists of four elephantine metal â€Å" sausages † , each 450 m long, bobbing on the moving ridges and each bring forthing 750 KW by turning the gesture into electricity via the pumping of hydraulic fluid through the articulations. By some estimations Scotland should be able to bring forth every bit much as 1 300 MW by 2020. 14 Tidal energy The gravitative forces of the Sun and Moon consequence in the surface of the sea changing by about 2 m. This consequence can be amplified by up to 11 m due to the effects of bays and channels. It is this energy that is used by systems such as the tidal energy works at La Range in France with a capacity of 240 MW. 15 Salinity differences Although the salt differences between the ocean H2O and fresh overflow represent differences in chemical potency which may be harnessed through a suited membrane, this has merely been demonstrated on a little graduated table. 16 Thermal differences The thermic differences between surface and deep H2O can be every bit much as 15 grades and a heat engine can be used to bring forth power. This construct, referred to as Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion ( OTEC ) has, nevertheless, a thermodynamic efficiency of merely 8 % and Eskom is presently measuring the usage of cold deep H2O as a coolant for coastal power Stationss, where its efficiency will be higher. 17 Fast fluxing ocean currents The fast flowing western boundary ocean currents can hold speeds of up to 2.5 m/s which could supply a beginning of comparatively high power denseness for power coevals although there are no commercial undertakings presently under development. Eskom is actively involved in research on this topic. 18 Energy denseness of H2O Because the energy denseness of a medium is straight relative to its denseness and is a map of the speed cubed, the energy denseness for H2O is far higher compared to weave at comparable speeds. The denseness of H2O is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of air. This means that an ocean current is far more fecund as a resource compared to onshore air current. Due to the rough environment demands on an ocean current generator, it is assumed that for a commercially feasible undertaking, the energy denseness should be dual of that required of air current. This implies that currents with speeds of at least 1,5 m/s need to be found. 19 Solar energy Southern Africa has over many old ages used the copiousness of sunlight to market the state as â€Å" Sunny South Africa † . It is hence non surprising that this signifier of energy is regarded by some as the chief beginning that can significantly act upon Eskom ‘s supply side. 20 Solar panels The work about solar panels both photovoltaic and solar H2O warmers are good known and late Prof Vivian Alberts of the University of Johannesburg announced a discovery in the production of a new photovoltaic panel that will be up to 50 % cheaper than anything else on the market ( Venter, 2007 ) . 21 Concentrated Solar Power ( CSP ) Another exciting and advanced usage of solar power is presently being investigated by Eskom. The engineering referred to as concentrated Solar Power ( CSP ) uses sun energy to heat a mixture of 60 % Sodium Nitrate ( NaNo3 ) and 40 % Potassium Nitrate ( KNO3 ) to a temperature of 565A °C. CSP is besides regarded as the lone large-scale renewable engineering with proved energy storage. The heat energy can be stored for up to 14 hours and is used to bring forth steam for the 100 MW reheat steam turbine at a unrecorded steam force per unit area of 125 saloon. This means that the works will be able to bring forth power for a full 24 hours during the summer solstice. An mean expected burden factor of 70 % is expected. 22 Decision As the demand for electricity rises, a more sustainable energy beginning to replace the dodo fuel energy beginning was investigated. In South Africa research has been done in both the engineering and tackling electricity from renewable energy beginnings. The study showed that hydro energy, weave energy, ocean current energy and solar energy were investigated. Due to the changeless sunlight in South Africa, it appeared like solar energy would be the most dependable energy beginning. How to cite A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Disaster Management for Mass Emergencies - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theDisaster Management for Mass Emergencies Disasters. Answer: Introduction To Scenario Critical analysis of disaster scenario The Nepal earthquake which happened in the year 2015 can be termed as a disaster that resulted in mass level destruction. It can be expressed that the disaster resulted in the death of more than 9000 people including local people, travellers, and tourists. In addition to this, approximately 22000 individuals got injured because of the earthquake(Xu, Nyerges, Nie, 2014). The earthquake was of 7.8 magnitudes, and the natural disaster did huge damage to life and property in Kathmandu. According to the estimation of United Nations, the life of almost 8 million people was affected because of the earthquake. Apart from this, the earthquake is also considered as the worst quake to strike in the 80 years history of Kathmandu. On the other hand, it can be critically argued that just after 17 days of this disaster, the area became a victim of another earthquake with a magnitude of 7.3(Bhakta Bhandari, 2014). The government of the country to also asked for local and international support to de al with the damage and carry out reconstructions. Content of the response plan The earthquake response plan can be termed as the operational plan that consists of detailed strategies and actions taken to deal with situations such as the earthquake. It can be expressed that the plan includes key roles and responsibilities of government, emergency management team, and other regulatory bodies(Rimal, Kunwar, Zhai, 2017). The content of response plan also includes elements such as critical infrastructure, logistics, emergency social services, coordination of volunteers during the disaster and appropriate communication plan. Appropriateness of the response The response plan developed by the government of Nepal can be termed as appropriate as it covers various aspects that are essential in disaster management. For example, the plan emphasizes on encouraging effective communication and coordination between volunteers and other stakeholders during disasters such as the earthquake(Reed, Greulich, Hamer, Beadling, 2016). Apart from this, the response plan also focuses on areas such as critical information requirement, strategic and public messages, etc. Depth of content The country has developed an in-depth content plan for the purpose of carrying out effective management of disasters. Further, the overall content of the response plan must be effective where it must be capable of providing information to the target people. The main focus of the response plan is on reducing the level of risk that is associated with the earthquake(Poudel, Fitzgerald, Clark, Mehta, Chhetri, 2015). Further, it has been found that delivering education to the local people in relation to this disaster is necessary like people must use emergency whistle during the earthquake, obtaining training from the local fire department, installing smoke alarms, checking if there is community emergency response team or not(Carpenter Grnewald, 2016). So, it needs to be ensured well in advance that content is appropriate and its depth needs to be analysed well in advance. Writing and formatting of the response After any disaster took place it is necessary to record the response of the people who are directly affected due to this. Further, the main reason behind the same is that in future more effective strategies can be developed. Capturing the response of present individuals who are affected due to this disaster is most vital. It can surely assist in mitigating with the risk in the better manner and can be effective in every possible manner(O'Sullivan, Kuziemsky, Toal-Sullivan, Corneil, 2013). Writing and formatting of the response can be done in a separate register that can be utilized for future in the proper manner. A Response Plan To The Given Scenario 500 Prevention It can be termed as the first and foremost stage of a response plan where the regulatory authorities and government of Nepal will be required to emphasize on the identification of different hazards. The vision statement will be to identify various hazards and develop strategies to mitigate the risk associated with the same. Here, the government will need to carry out task and activities which can support in reducing the overall impact of natural disasters such as an earthquake(Lee, 2016). In simpler terms, hazards can be defined as the key risk present during disasters and which can result in loss of life and property during the same. Practicing safe earthquake procedures twice a year will be another major component of the response plan. Preparation In this stage of the response plan, individuals, government, and other regulatory authorities will work with each other to plan, prepare and train to deal with different types of disasters such as the earthquake. Here, the evacuation plan will be developed along with ensuring the availability of stay/go. In addition to this, the objective will be that the discussions within family, neighbours, and friends on situations such as earthquakes will be encouraged at regular intervals(Kunz, Reiner, Gold, 2014). The aim in this stage will be to prepare the communities and residents regarding coping with the consequences of an emergency. Response In this stage of the response plan, the volunteers, local community, government and other regulatory authorities will be responding quickly according to the need, and overall requirement of the emergency situation faced because of the earthquake(Devkota, Doberstein, Nepal, 2016). Here, the plan and strategies developed during the stage of preparedness stage will be taken into consideration by Nepal. The key objective of this stage is to ensure that negative impact of the earthquake on life and property has been minimised to a great extent. On the other hand, individuals and people affected by the earthquake will be provided with immediate relief in this stage. Psychological first aid will be used immediately after the earthquake as it will assist in supporting the person to naturally recover from the injury or damages(Khan, Johar, Baba, 2017). In this stage, strategies such as helping people to feel them safe, connecting them with others, proving emotional and social support will b e taken into consideration. Psychological first aid will also be offered to the people who thought that they were about to die, individuals with mental illness and previous traumatic experiences. Recovery It can be termed as the last stage of recovery plan where reconstruction will be carried out. All the volunteers, government and other regulatory authorities will focus on taking corrective measures and developing strategies to restore the place and areas affected to their previous state(Ha, 2017). However, it can be critically argued that the stage of recovery is going to be a very challenging task and combine efforts of all will be required to restore the area and properties in Nepal to their previous state. It can also be expressed that at the time of restoring the focus will be more on building infrastructures and communities that are effective enough to reduce the pre-disaster risk(Xu, Nyerges, Nie, 2014). Strategic Plan Goals and objectives for performing and visual disaster program Developing public awareness, training and information dissemination can be termed as three major and most important element of visual disaster program. To make the program successful, the focus should be laid upon the mentioned above three areas in an effective manner. It is also suggested that at the time of developing training and development program, the participation of all community members should be encouraged(Giambelli, Vitti, Bezzi, 2016). A comprehensive training with regards to visual disaster program is also essential to reduce the damages caused by the earthquake to the life and property within Nepal. The objective of performing visual disaster program is to carry out risk auditing. It can be stated that risk auditing is essential as it directly helps in understanding and identifying the key areas which are at greater risk. Development Development of the plan for dealing with the issue of the earthquake as one of the disasters and reducing its overall impact appropriate planning is needed well in advance. Development of the plan will take place by understanding the resources required such as what kind of assistance will be provided to the people who are affected due to the earthquake(Garge, Ha, Khoo, 2015). The key actions that will be taken in the actions involve utilities, building and development policies, facilities that need to be provided to the people who are affected. Apart from this, effective development is also possible by undertaking different measures such as emergency communication strategy, operational and community recovery. In short, it is necessary to ensure well in advance that development strategy is effective where it is possible to provide assistance to every individual who are affected due to the earthquake(Erdelj, Natalizio, Chowdhury, Akyildiz, 2017). The development plan will also includ e providing education to the people so that they can know what are the strategies that can be undertaken so as to deal with the disaster such as the earthquake. Goals and Objectives for disaster other as appropriate In order to mitigate the risk associated with earthquake different goals and objectives are present that needs to be focused on. Below is the detailed plan: Phase Goal Actions include Mitigation before disaster Decreasing the overall impact on infrastructure Time to time structural update of utilities, facilities and development policies Mitigation before disaster Reducing the overall impact on community Providing education to residents, businesses, senior and daycare facilities During the disaster Providing effective response and full time assistance during earthquake Operational response plan, rapid damage assessment, emergency transportation strategy Recovery after disaster Recovery in the months and years following earthquake Operational and community recovery Above shown are the goals and objectives that will be set for handling earthquake in effective manner and it will directly assist in reducing its overall impact. This will surely assist in reducing the overall level of earthquake and can act as development tool also. Some other objectives of the plan are as follows: To reduce earthquake risks by decreasing vulnerability of infrastructure and people To minimize loss of live and the infrastructure due to earthquake Building the capacity of all the stakeholders in order to deal with earthquake These objectives can surely assist in managing earthquake as one of the issue in best possible manner and can bring favourable results also. Staffing (Human Resource Management Plan) It can be expressed that during the disaster such as the earthquake, the human resources management plan will play a very important role in recovering properties and people to the previous state. The government and other regulatory authorities will be focusing on encouraging more active participation from different volunteers. In addition to this, training programs will be carried out so that psychological first aid treatment is provided to people and injured persons in the best possible manner(Dixit, Yatabe, Dahal, Bhandary, 2013). A team of around 250 volunteers will be developed with an objective to provide quality support and care. Here, the aim of the human resources management plan will be to make sure more and more people are rescued during the operation and at the same time restoring of areas is carried out in the best possible manner. Further, it is necessary to deliver effective training to the team so that they have right knowledge and skills to cope up with the issue of the earthquake. Recommendations for future responses It can be recommended the earthquake readiness plan should be present every time so that the adverse impact caused by such disasters can be lower down. In this stage, the government and regulatory authorities need to focus on four key areas which are preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. It can also be suggested that more focus should be laid on carrying out disaster training programs. The rationale behind this is that such programs will support the people in local the community to become aware of the actions which can be taken before and after the earthquake. After the earthquake, it is suggested that people should protect themselves by hiding in safe and secure areas within their homes. Furthermore, individuals should remain calm, and it is also recommended that they should stay in their homes instead of running outside. The government and regulatory authorities in Nepal should emphasize more on developing houses and buildings with earthquake resilience. The design and structure of buildings should be created in such a way that they can withstand the earthquake in the best possible manner. The rationale behind this suggestion is that it will help in preventing the building form getting collapse and thus, will cause less damage to life and property in the country. References Bhakta Bhandari, R. (2014). Social capital in disaster risk management; a case study of social capital mobilization following the 1934 Kathmandu Valley earthquake in Nepal. Disaster Prevention and Management , 314-328. Carpenter, S., Grnewald, F. (2016). Disaster preparedness in a complex urban system: the case of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Disasters , 411-431. Devkota, B. P., Doberstein, B., Nepal, S. K. (2016). Social Capital and Natural Disaster: Local Responses to 2015 Earthquake in Kathmandu. International Journal of Mass Emergencies Disasters . Dixit, A. M., Yatabe, R., Dahal, R. K., Bhandary, N. P. (2013). Initiatives for earthquake disaster risk management in the Kathmandu Valley. Natural hazards , 631-654. Erdelj, M., Natalizio, E., Chowdhury, K. R., Akyildiz, I. F. (2017). 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