Definition and Examples of Figurative Meaning

Black Psychology - 2214 Words

Divided Among two Different Views of the World: But this is my Story Michelle Williams Black Psychology Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University Abstract: This is an autobiographical essay where I briefly analyzes and interpret significant and impactful events that has transpired over my last 20 years in my life from school to my community in Portland, Oregon. The objective of this essay is to connect concepts and the course objectives related to Black Psychology which I enrolled in at Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University (FAMU) spring 2009 term. The outline for this essay is in a chronological age order starting from my birth in 1988 till my current experience at†¦show more content†¦The foundation of the Tag program continues and supports â€Å"White Supremacy†. The definition the European psychologist use to define intelligence which were examined on Caucasians only was: â€Å"(a) the repertoire of intellectual/cognitive skills and knowledge available to a person at any one period of time, or (b) the aggregate of global capacity of the individual to act purposely, to think rationally, and to dea l effectively with his/her environment† (Kambon,1998). The names of a couple of exams that exemplified that one was intelligent were: The Alfred Binet and the Binet Test, also known as Intelligence Quotient/ IQ, Charles Spearman with the GS Factor test, and a few others (Kambon, 1998). Robert L. Williams the second National Chairman/ President of American of Black Psychologists (ABPsi) (Kambon, 1998), developed a â€Å"Black â€Å"cultural specific† intelligence test which demonstrated that Blacks could perform superiority to Whites on such a Black cultural based test. The test was called Black Intelligence Test for Cultural Homogeneity† formally known as â€Å"BITCH’. His intelligence test showcased that African-American students were out performing whites by 30 to 50 points (Kambon, 1998). In relations to my acceptance to the TAG program I felt a sense of being privileged, superior, and connected to the white race in some sense. I belittled my peers wh o the Europeans and the test scored them as being underachievers. Through my actions I had continued on theShow MoreRelatedEdward Cecil Sumner : Father Of Black Psychology1241 Words   |  5 Pagespsychologist, he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter who you are, what you are, or where you come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t have an education pass junior high, and was looked down upon because he was black. Francis Cecil Sumner was born onRead MoreFrancis Sumner s Father Of Black Psychology Essay1572 Words   |  7 Pagespsychologist; he was called Father of Black Psychology. Despite the odds Francis Sumner faced, he did what many felt was impossible to do. Sumner not only did the unthinkable, but he proved that no matter whom you are, what you are, or where you come from you decide your destiny. Sumner is known to many as the ‘Father of Black Psychology’. Sumner was born in a segregated community, didn’t have an education pass junior high, and was looked down upon because he was black. Francis Cecil Sumner was born onRead MoreBlack Swan Psychology Review1700 Words   |  7 Pages Using Behavioral Therapy to Treat Borderline Personality Disorder The Black Swan is a psycho thriller film that narrates the demise of a young talented twenty-some year old ballerina named Nina Sayers. The story begins with the main character Nina anticipating her lead role as the Swan Queen in the upcoming new production of Swan Lake. This new version of Swan Lake as presented by the artistic director, Thomas Leroy, tells the story of a virginal girl that is trapped in the body of a White SwanRead MoreBehaviorism or Black Box Psychology Essay1181 Words   |  5 PagesThe idea behind the behaviorist branch is that they believe that psychology is studied through observable behaviors. The behaviorists were the first to focus on more objective research as opposed to the subjective research like the previous leaders in psychology such as Titchener and Freud (Lilienfeld, Lynn, Namy, Woolf). Behaviorism or black box psychology opened the eyes of the psychology community by showing them that they should not just rely on the reports of others, but having data they couldRead MoreDr. Simons And Christopher F Chabris1087 Words   |  5 Pagesfocusing on something else. The concept rose from Harvard psychologists Daniel J Simons and Christopher F Chabris’ 1999 ‘Gorillas in our midst’ study. Their aim was to study the psychology of vision, doing so by creating four 75- seconds films involving two team of 3 players, one team wearing white tops and the other wearing black, moving around passing 2 balls continuously. Two conditions were used; after 44-48 s either a woman holding an umbrella would appear in the film or a woman in a gorilla costumeRead MoreThe Role Of Psychology And Social Change891 Words   |  4 Pages3- to 5-page paper that addresses the following: †¢ The role of psychology with regard to your social change or social justice topic †¢ An evaluation of the ethnic inequalities on the psychological well-being of the population(s) affected by your social change or social justice topic †¢ An analysis of any concerns regarding ethnic inequality as it pertains to your social change or social justice topic †¢ An analysis of the role of psychology in impacting historical biases and oppression and addressingRead MorePsychology Is Everywhere You Look957 Words   |  4 Pages Psychology is everywhere you look (Caldwell 2014). It can be found within TV shows, music, sports, and even society. The textbook, Exploring Psychology, begins to explore the social, cognitive, and emotional roots of prejudice within society (545). Prejudice has remained a huge obstacle throughout world history. With the recent murders of unarmed African American men, the aspect of police brutality begins to relate back to prejudice. According to Jesse Holland of the Associated Press, the recentRead MoreWhat Are Some Psychologists?1597 Words   |  7 Pagesact as critical evaluators and clarifiers of psychology s ideas and practices, and focus on the process of theorising itself, while other psychologists do not engage in theoretical research at all. Empirical facts are understood in the light of a specific t heory, and theory is built from a careful consideration of the facts. Indeed, theory and research are so intertwined that neither can exist without the other, and both are required to see psychology flourish (Sandin, 2006). While this is a generallyRead MoreGeneral Psychology Course At The University Of Massachusetts Lowell850 Words   |  4 PagesParticipants The study participants were enrolled in General Psychology courses at the University of Massachusetts Lowell. The participants were 121 men and women (90 males, 30 females, 1 declined to answer). All students were between the ages of 18 and 25. In addition, 2.5% (n=3) participants have not served on a jury while 97.5% (n=118) have not. Study participants received one research credit for their General Psychology course. All General Psychology students are required to earn 10 research credits duringRead MoreSocial Psychology : Psychology And Behavioral Psychology1170 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Psychology Professor: Dr. Monique Guiscard Answers to Homework #1 1-Social psychology is an approach that try to explain the way that people can be influenced by others in their â€Å"thinking, feelings, and in their behavior.† This influenced can happened by real or image presence of other people. 1A- Other major areas of study of are cognitive psychology and behavioral psychology this are the centrals. However, psychology has connections with social neuroscience, clinical psychology, positive

A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay Free Essays

string(71) " non hold big rivers that can be used to bring forth electricity with\." This study investigates assorted sustainable energy beginnings in order to set up which beginning would be most dependable to run into the electricity demand of South Africa. Hydro-energy, air current energy, ocean current energy and solar energy were studied. Although an substructure already exist, for air current energy the study concludes that solar energy would be the most dependable renewable energy beginning. We will write a custom essay sample on A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now Modern societies across the Earth are dependent on the handiness of dependable electricity supply for the care of human and economical activities. Worldwide people are hence progressively concerned about the handiness and the sustainability of energy beginnings for the coevals of electricity. Presently in South Africa the topic â€Å" sustainable energy † is besides high on the docket. This study will look into the place of electricity supply in South Africa and the possible solution that sustainable energy beginnings might keep for South Africa. This study will foremost give a historical overview of the origin and the development of the electricity supply industry in South Africa. Then it will look briefly at the complex inquiries that electricity providers have to face. Finally the assorted types of sustanable energy applicable to South Africa, viz. hydroenergy, air current energy, ocean current energy and solar energy will be discussed. 2 Historic overview The history of the origin and development of the Southern African electricity supply industry is a absorbing topic. The proficient challenges, the interaction with Industry every bit good as political leaders is non new, but has been portion of electricity from the exchanging on of the first street visible radiations on the African continent in Kimberley on 1 September 1882, three yearss before the launching of the first commercial power station in New York. The history of sustainable energy in South Africa is in fact longer than most people would conceive of. Already in 1895 there were attempts to tap the hydro-energy potency of the Victoria Waterfalls. In 1895, forty old ages after Livingstone had discovered the Victoria Falls, Professor George Forbes arrived in Southern Africa. He was the interior decorator of the Niagara Falls Hydroelectric Power Station, which was at that clip the largest power strategy in the universe. With the Victoria Falls, non merely every bit broad as Niagara, but with dual the tallness, he could non neglect to be impressed by its possible as a hydroelectric strategy to provide the Witwatersrand with an abundant and inexpensive supply of electricity. Although the chief obstruction came in the signifier of the 1 000 kilometer distance over which the power had to be transmitted, a subordinate called the African Concession Syndicate was created in 1901. This mob was granted the exclusive right to tackle the Zambezi River for present and future hydroelectric power strategies. In malice of these readyings, the usage of H2O in the coevals of electricity would merely come much later ( Conradie A ; Messerschmidt, 2000 ) . 3 The complexnesss of electricity systems During the argument in the media around the current crisis a few affairs became clear. First, it is non widely understood that electricity can non be stored and in the instance of renewable energy beginnings, that becomes a major challenge. The 2nd complexness that was ( and still is ) non widely understood, is the complex workings of the electricity supply. The coevals of electricity from power Stationss which are largely situated in the northern inside of the sub-continent and conveyed to the client by manner of 28 000 kilometer of high electromotive force and 250 000 kilometer of lower electromotive force lines, is besides hard to understand. The reconciliation of changing supply and demand requires the changeless attending of the National Control Centre and if the demand outstrips the supply, it is possible to see entire electromotive force prostration, similar to the state of affairs in the north eastern American continent on 14 August 2003 when the consecutive tripping of power lines by trees under power lines in three different countries lead to a electromotive force prostration of the transmittal system. This plunged big metropoliss like New York and Washington in partial darkness and metropoliss like Toronto in entire darkness. The full Restoration of the power system took about a hebdomad to finish. The term â€Å" burden casting † ( besides non understood by most ) is used to denote the sloughing of burden or electricity demand in order to forestall the 50 Hz frequence from dropping excessively low, ensuing in under-frequency tripping of power Stationss and entire electromotive force prostration. 4 Sustainable energy For many old ages South Africa has been, and still is, bring forthing some of the cheapest electricity in the universe. This was mostly due to the handiness of really inexpensive low class coal. With the lifting demand in the remainder of the universe for that coal, South Africans will decidedly experience the pinch. Because of this state of affairs the natural response is to look at pull offing the demand for electricity every bit good as investigate renewable energy beginnings. As can be seen in Figure 1, a figure of sustainable energy beginnings have been identified in the universe. These beginnings can be classified harmonizing to the type of energy they produce. The challenge for South Africa is to use those beginnings most fitting for the fortunes here. Figure 1: Sustainable energy beginnings identified worldwide ( Beginning: Renewable energy. The possible and the restrictions. 2008. [ Online ] . Available: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.fraw.org.uk. [ 2009, December 15 ] . ) Two chief issues need to be considered when looking at the viability of alternate energy beginnings. The first is of class the proficient feasibleness of the undertaking. The 2nd is the cost at which electricity can be produced by the alternate beginning. 5 Hydroenergy One of the most obvious renewable beginnings is hydroenergy. In many states, particularly in the Northern hemisphere, many electrical public-service corporations produce power in this manner. In the instance of South Africa, the state does non hold big rivers that can be used to bring forth electricity with. You read "A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay" in category "Essay examples" 6 Current usage of hydroenergy in South Africa At this phase Eskom operates a figure of pump storage strategies that pump H2O into keeping dikes during off-peak periods and usage that to bring forth power during extremum periods. As such this is non a renewable beginning as it uses electricity from dodo fuelled power Stationss for pumping H2O. 7 The Congo river as the energy provider for Southern Africa One instead ambitious undertaking that Eskom is presently involved in is to use the hydroenergy from the Congo River. Harmonizing to its inaugural one-year study, the Western Power Corridor ( PTY ) Ltd ( Westcor ) ( 2008 ) proposes to tap the rich, big graduated table renewable hydroresources of the Western, Central and Eastern Corridor of Southern Africa finally. When to the full tapped, the magnitudes will transcend 100GW. This joint venture between the take parting national state-owned electricity companies of Angola, Botswana, Democratic Republic of Congo, Namibia and South Africa was signed on 7 September 2005 in Gabarone, Botswana. Harmonizing to Mr E Nelumba, Chairman of the Shareholders Steering Committee, Westcor was formed to develop the Western Power Corridor which includes the development of the 3 500 MW tally of river hydroelectric power works at Inga 3 in the Democratic Republic of Congo ( DRC ) . It will besides build power transmittal systems to incorporate with the national grids of the participating every bit good as the remainder of southern Africa. The concluding aspiration is to bring forth 10 000 MW at Inga 3. The Congo River has an estimated 100 000 MW capacity with 40 000 M3s per second and all possible sites are under examination to finally make the end of 50 000 MW of Grand Inga. This is larger than the sum installed capacity of the full Eskom system. Angola has besides indicated that their exploitable hydroelectric potency is about 18 000 MW of which merely 810 MW is presently used. One of the great challenges of this undertaking remains the transmittal of the power to the chief clients in the South. In order to reassign the power faithfully and economically it would be necessary to run the 4 000 kilometer power lines at electromotive force between 600 kilovolts and 1000 kilovolt. The engineering to be able to make this is still in its babyhood and is the topic of current research. To add to the quandary the environment that the proposed lines will track includes countries with some of the highest happening of veld fires and these have the ability to do breaks to the flow of power. 8 Wind energy The usage of air current as an energy beginning is likely one of the best known signifiers of renewable energy and successful commercial operations have been around for a long piece. Harmonizing to the IngenierbAA?ro fAA?r neue Energien air current coevals in Germany sums to 39 500 GWh ( Power in Europe, 2008 ) . This accounts for more than half of the renewable energy in that state. The universe ‘s entire installed capacity of air current generators was 94 GW at the terminal of 2007 ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . 9 Wind turbines in usage presently Eskom commissioned three wind turbines between August 2002 and February 2003 at its Klipheuwel site North of Cape Town. Two Danish turbines and one French turbine, with a combined capacity of 3.16 MW, were installed to enable Eskom to compare the different design and operational features. To day of the month the installation has generated more than 15 GWh, which was fed into the grid at the Klipheuwel 11 kV/66kV substation ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . The single power, responsibility rhythm and cost features of each of the turbines are being collected in a engineering matrix that will finally incorporate a suite of Renewable Energy engineering options, with air current being the first. The tower dynamic features and quiver status supervising baseline measurings every bit good as the interaction between the grid and the generators have already been done. The production analysis will be used in the future selling of green energy ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . 10 Variability in available energy As with other signifiers of renewable energy, the variableness in the available energy is an issue that concerns the developers of these systems. Wind is no exclusion and in this instance an accurate finding of air current climatologies is required, based on several old ages of air current informations. A well-known survey carried out by Geernaert et Al ( 1988 ) used information of a 109 old ages ( between 1873 and 1982 ) and showed that fluctuations of up to 30 % from the average value can be expected from one decennary to the following. This information is important if it is considered that the installation may hold a lifetime of 20 old ages and longer. The available air current energy is of class besides influenced by topographical factors every bit good as variableness in air current speed due to height fluctuations. This makes the pick of the appropriate site a really of import issue. 11 The hereafter of air current energy With the valuable research done at Klipheuwel the hereafter for air current coevals seems bright. Eskom announced the building of a 100 MW installation on the West Coast close to Koekenaap in 2007. The EIA and commercial activities are good underway and building is planned to get down tardily in 2008. The installation will dwell of approximately 50 units runing between 1.5 to 2.5 MW and will be integrated into the 132 kilovolt system at Eskom ‘s Juno or Koekenaap substations. Based on the variableness discussed above and an energy use factor of 26 % , the installation is expected to bring forth 2 28G Wh per annum ( Smit et Al, 2008 ) . Based on old experience the building of the installation will take about one twelvemonth to finish. 12 Ocean current energy The energy fluxes of the oceans have attracted the attending of applied scientists for a long clip and include the assorted signifiers. 13 Continual moving ridge gesture The continual moving ridge gesture that can power coevals devices. One illustration is the US $ 29.5m experimental installation of Scots Power at the Orkney Islands ( Power in Europe, 2008 ) . The Pelamis system consists of four elephantine metal â€Å" sausages † , each 450 m long, bobbing on the moving ridges and each bring forthing 750 KW by turning the gesture into electricity via the pumping of hydraulic fluid through the articulations. By some estimations Scotland should be able to bring forth every bit much as 1 300 MW by 2020. 14 Tidal energy The gravitative forces of the Sun and Moon consequence in the surface of the sea changing by about 2 m. This consequence can be amplified by up to 11 m due to the effects of bays and channels. It is this energy that is used by systems such as the tidal energy works at La Range in France with a capacity of 240 MW. 15 Salinity differences Although the salt differences between the ocean H2O and fresh overflow represent differences in chemical potency which may be harnessed through a suited membrane, this has merely been demonstrated on a little graduated table. 16 Thermal differences The thermic differences between surface and deep H2O can be every bit much as 15 grades and a heat engine can be used to bring forth power. This construct, referred to as Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion ( OTEC ) has, nevertheless, a thermodynamic efficiency of merely 8 % and Eskom is presently measuring the usage of cold deep H2O as a coolant for coastal power Stationss, where its efficiency will be higher. 17 Fast fluxing ocean currents The fast flowing western boundary ocean currents can hold speeds of up to 2.5 m/s which could supply a beginning of comparatively high power denseness for power coevals although there are no commercial undertakings presently under development. Eskom is actively involved in research on this topic. 18 Energy denseness of H2O Because the energy denseness of a medium is straight relative to its denseness and is a map of the speed cubed, the energy denseness for H2O is far higher compared to weave at comparable speeds. The denseness of H2O is about two orders of magnitude higher than that of air. This means that an ocean current is far more fecund as a resource compared to onshore air current. Due to the rough environment demands on an ocean current generator, it is assumed that for a commercially feasible undertaking, the energy denseness should be dual of that required of air current. This implies that currents with speeds of at least 1,5 m/s need to be found. 19 Solar energy Southern Africa has over many old ages used the copiousness of sunlight to market the state as â€Å" Sunny South Africa † . It is hence non surprising that this signifier of energy is regarded by some as the chief beginning that can significantly act upon Eskom ‘s supply side. 20 Solar panels The work about solar panels both photovoltaic and solar H2O warmers are good known and late Prof Vivian Alberts of the University of Johannesburg announced a discovery in the production of a new photovoltaic panel that will be up to 50 % cheaper than anything else on the market ( Venter, 2007 ) . 21 Concentrated Solar Power ( CSP ) Another exciting and advanced usage of solar power is presently being investigated by Eskom. The engineering referred to as concentrated Solar Power ( CSP ) uses sun energy to heat a mixture of 60 % Sodium Nitrate ( NaNo3 ) and 40 % Potassium Nitrate ( KNO3 ) to a temperature of 565A °C. CSP is besides regarded as the lone large-scale renewable engineering with proved energy storage. The heat energy can be stored for up to 14 hours and is used to bring forth steam for the 100 MW reheat steam turbine at a unrecorded steam force per unit area of 125 saloon. This means that the works will be able to bring forth power for a full 24 hours during the summer solstice. An mean expected burden factor of 70 % is expected. 22 Decision As the demand for electricity rises, a more sustainable energy beginning to replace the dodo fuel energy beginning was investigated. In South Africa research has been done in both the engineering and tackling electricity from renewable energy beginnings. The study showed that hydro energy, weave energy, ocean current energy and solar energy were investigated. Due to the changeless sunlight in South Africa, it appeared like solar energy would be the most dependable energy beginning. How to cite A Solution For South African Energy Crisis Environmental Sciences Essay, Essay examples

Disaster Management for Mass Emergencies - myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about theDisaster Management for Mass Emergencies Disasters. Answer: Introduction To Scenario Critical analysis of disaster scenario The Nepal earthquake which happened in the year 2015 can be termed as a disaster that resulted in mass level destruction. It can be expressed that the disaster resulted in the death of more than 9000 people including local people, travellers, and tourists. In addition to this, approximately 22000 individuals got injured because of the earthquake(Xu, Nyerges, Nie, 2014). The earthquake was of 7.8 magnitudes, and the natural disaster did huge damage to life and property in Kathmandu. According to the estimation of United Nations, the life of almost 8 million people was affected because of the earthquake. Apart from this, the earthquake is also considered as the worst quake to strike in the 80 years history of Kathmandu. On the other hand, it can be critically argued that just after 17 days of this disaster, the area became a victim of another earthquake with a magnitude of 7.3(Bhakta Bhandari, 2014). The government of the country to also asked for local and international support to de al with the damage and carry out reconstructions. Content of the response plan The earthquake response plan can be termed as the operational plan that consists of detailed strategies and actions taken to deal with situations such as the earthquake. It can be expressed that the plan includes key roles and responsibilities of government, emergency management team, and other regulatory bodies(Rimal, Kunwar, Zhai, 2017). The content of response plan also includes elements such as critical infrastructure, logistics, emergency social services, coordination of volunteers during the disaster and appropriate communication plan. Appropriateness of the response The response plan developed by the government of Nepal can be termed as appropriate as it covers various aspects that are essential in disaster management. For example, the plan emphasizes on encouraging effective communication and coordination between volunteers and other stakeholders during disasters such as the earthquake(Reed, Greulich, Hamer, Beadling, 2016). Apart from this, the response plan also focuses on areas such as critical information requirement, strategic and public messages, etc. Depth of content The country has developed an in-depth content plan for the purpose of carrying out effective management of disasters. Further, the overall content of the response plan must be effective where it must be capable of providing information to the target people. The main focus of the response plan is on reducing the level of risk that is associated with the earthquake(Poudel, Fitzgerald, Clark, Mehta, Chhetri, 2015). Further, it has been found that delivering education to the local people in relation to this disaster is necessary like people must use emergency whistle during the earthquake, obtaining training from the local fire department, installing smoke alarms, checking if there is community emergency response team or not(Carpenter Grnewald, 2016). So, it needs to be ensured well in advance that content is appropriate and its depth needs to be analysed well in advance. Writing and formatting of the response After any disaster took place it is necessary to record the response of the people who are directly affected due to this. Further, the main reason behind the same is that in future more effective strategies can be developed. Capturing the response of present individuals who are affected due to this disaster is most vital. It can surely assist in mitigating with the risk in the better manner and can be effective in every possible manner(O'Sullivan, Kuziemsky, Toal-Sullivan, Corneil, 2013). Writing and formatting of the response can be done in a separate register that can be utilized for future in the proper manner. A Response Plan To The Given Scenario 500 Prevention It can be termed as the first and foremost stage of a response plan where the regulatory authorities and government of Nepal will be required to emphasize on the identification of different hazards. The vision statement will be to identify various hazards and develop strategies to mitigate the risk associated with the same. Here, the government will need to carry out task and activities which can support in reducing the overall impact of natural disasters such as an earthquake(Lee, 2016). In simpler terms, hazards can be defined as the key risk present during disasters and which can result in loss of life and property during the same. Practicing safe earthquake procedures twice a year will be another major component of the response plan. Preparation In this stage of the response plan, individuals, government, and other regulatory authorities will work with each other to plan, prepare and train to deal with different types of disasters such as the earthquake. Here, the evacuation plan will be developed along with ensuring the availability of stay/go. In addition to this, the objective will be that the discussions within family, neighbours, and friends on situations such as earthquakes will be encouraged at regular intervals(Kunz, Reiner, Gold, 2014). The aim in this stage will be to prepare the communities and residents regarding coping with the consequences of an emergency. Response In this stage of the response plan, the volunteers, local community, government and other regulatory authorities will be responding quickly according to the need, and overall requirement of the emergency situation faced because of the earthquake(Devkota, Doberstein, Nepal, 2016). Here, the plan and strategies developed during the stage of preparedness stage will be taken into consideration by Nepal. The key objective of this stage is to ensure that negative impact of the earthquake on life and property has been minimised to a great extent. On the other hand, individuals and people affected by the earthquake will be provided with immediate relief in this stage. Psychological first aid will be used immediately after the earthquake as it will assist in supporting the person to naturally recover from the injury or damages(Khan, Johar, Baba, 2017). In this stage, strategies such as helping people to feel them safe, connecting them with others, proving emotional and social support will b e taken into consideration. Psychological first aid will also be offered to the people who thought that they were about to die, individuals with mental illness and previous traumatic experiences. Recovery It can be termed as the last stage of recovery plan where reconstruction will be carried out. All the volunteers, government and other regulatory authorities will focus on taking corrective measures and developing strategies to restore the place and areas affected to their previous state(Ha, 2017). However, it can be critically argued that the stage of recovery is going to be a very challenging task and combine efforts of all will be required to restore the area and properties in Nepal to their previous state. It can also be expressed that at the time of restoring the focus will be more on building infrastructures and communities that are effective enough to reduce the pre-disaster risk(Xu, Nyerges, Nie, 2014). Strategic Plan Goals and objectives for performing and visual disaster program Developing public awareness, training and information dissemination can be termed as three major and most important element of visual disaster program. To make the program successful, the focus should be laid upon the mentioned above three areas in an effective manner. It is also suggested that at the time of developing training and development program, the participation of all community members should be encouraged(Giambelli, Vitti, Bezzi, 2016). A comprehensive training with regards to visual disaster program is also essential to reduce the damages caused by the earthquake to the life and property within Nepal. The objective of performing visual disaster program is to carry out risk auditing. It can be stated that risk auditing is essential as it directly helps in understanding and identifying the key areas which are at greater risk. Development Development of the plan for dealing with the issue of the earthquake as one of the disasters and reducing its overall impact appropriate planning is needed well in advance. Development of the plan will take place by understanding the resources required such as what kind of assistance will be provided to the people who are affected due to the earthquake(Garge, Ha, Khoo, 2015). The key actions that will be taken in the actions involve utilities, building and development policies, facilities that need to be provided to the people who are affected. Apart from this, effective development is also possible by undertaking different measures such as emergency communication strategy, operational and community recovery. In short, it is necessary to ensure well in advance that development strategy is effective where it is possible to provide assistance to every individual who are affected due to the earthquake(Erdelj, Natalizio, Chowdhury, Akyildiz, 2017). The development plan will also includ e providing education to the people so that they can know what are the strategies that can be undertaken so as to deal with the disaster such as the earthquake. Goals and Objectives for disaster other as appropriate In order to mitigate the risk associated with earthquake different goals and objectives are present that needs to be focused on. Below is the detailed plan: Phase Goal Actions include Mitigation before disaster Decreasing the overall impact on infrastructure Time to time structural update of utilities, facilities and development policies Mitigation before disaster Reducing the overall impact on community Providing education to residents, businesses, senior and daycare facilities During the disaster Providing effective response and full time assistance during earthquake Operational response plan, rapid damage assessment, emergency transportation strategy Recovery after disaster Recovery in the months and years following earthquake Operational and community recovery Above shown are the goals and objectives that will be set for handling earthquake in effective manner and it will directly assist in reducing its overall impact. This will surely assist in reducing the overall level of earthquake and can act as development tool also. Some other objectives of the plan are as follows: To reduce earthquake risks by decreasing vulnerability of infrastructure and people To minimize loss of live and the infrastructure due to earthquake Building the capacity of all the stakeholders in order to deal with earthquake These objectives can surely assist in managing earthquake as one of the issue in best possible manner and can bring favourable results also. Staffing (Human Resource Management Plan) It can be expressed that during the disaster such as the earthquake, the human resources management plan will play a very important role in recovering properties and people to the previous state. The government and other regulatory authorities will be focusing on encouraging more active participation from different volunteers. In addition to this, training programs will be carried out so that psychological first aid treatment is provided to people and injured persons in the best possible manner(Dixit, Yatabe, Dahal, Bhandary, 2013). A team of around 250 volunteers will be developed with an objective to provide quality support and care. Here, the aim of the human resources management plan will be to make sure more and more people are rescued during the operation and at the same time restoring of areas is carried out in the best possible manner. Further, it is necessary to deliver effective training to the team so that they have right knowledge and skills to cope up with the issue of the earthquake. Recommendations for future responses It can be recommended the earthquake readiness plan should be present every time so that the adverse impact caused by such disasters can be lower down. In this stage, the government and regulatory authorities need to focus on four key areas which are preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation. It can also be suggested that more focus should be laid on carrying out disaster training programs. The rationale behind this is that such programs will support the people in local the community to become aware of the actions which can be taken before and after the earthquake. After the earthquake, it is suggested that people should protect themselves by hiding in safe and secure areas within their homes. Furthermore, individuals should remain calm, and it is also recommended that they should stay in their homes instead of running outside. The government and regulatory authorities in Nepal should emphasize more on developing houses and buildings with earthquake resilience. The design and structure of buildings should be created in such a way that they can withstand the earthquake in the best possible manner. The rationale behind this suggestion is that it will help in preventing the building form getting collapse and thus, will cause less damage to life and property in the country. References Bhakta Bhandari, R. (2014). Social capital in disaster risk management; a case study of social capital mobilization following the 1934 Kathmandu Valley earthquake in Nepal. Disaster Prevention and Management , 314-328. Carpenter, S., Grnewald, F. (2016). Disaster preparedness in a complex urban system: the case of Kathmandu Valley, Nepal. Disasters , 411-431. Devkota, B. P., Doberstein, B., Nepal, S. K. (2016). Social Capital and Natural Disaster: Local Responses to 2015 Earthquake in Kathmandu. International Journal of Mass Emergencies Disasters . Dixit, A. M., Yatabe, R., Dahal, R. K., Bhandary, N. P. (2013). Initiatives for earthquake disaster risk management in the Kathmandu Valley. Natural hazards , 631-654. Erdelj, M., Natalizio, E., Chowdhury, K. R., Akyildiz, I. F. (2017). Help from the sky: Leveraging UAVs for disaster management. IEEE Pervasive Computing , 24-32. Garge, R. N., Ha, H., Khoo, S. (2015). Disaster Risk Management and the Role of the Armed Forces: Critical Analysis of Reactive Disaster Management in India. In Strategic Disaster Risk Management in Asia. India: Springer India. Giambelli, M., Vitti, A., Bezzi, M. (2016). Towards a decision support system for environmental emergencies management in poor settlements in the Kathmandu Valley (Nepal). . INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPATIAL DATA INFRASTRUCTURES RESEARCH, , 49-72. Ha, K. M. (2017). Plant indicator status and implications for natural disaster management in both developed communities and indigenous communities. In Natural Resources Forum. New Jersey: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. Khan, M. G., Johar, F., Baba, A. N. (2017). DISASTER MANAGEMENT RISK PERCEPTION OF LOCAL COMMUNITIES. Jurnal Kemanusiaan . Kunz, N., Reiner, G., Gold, S. (2014). Investing in disaster management capabilities versus pre-positioning inventory: a new approach to disaster preparedness. International Journal of Production Economics , 261-272. Lee, A. C. (2016). Barriers to evidence-based disaster management in Nepal: a qualitative study. Public health , 99-106. O'Sullivan, T. L., Kuziemsky, C. E., Toal-Sullivan, D., Corneil, W. (2013). Unraveling the complexities of disaster management: A framework for critical social infrastructure to promote population health and resilience. Social Science Medicine , 238-246. Poudel, B. R., Fitzgerald, G., Clark, M., Mehta, A., Chhetri, M. (2015). Disaster Management in Nepal: Media engagement in the Post-2015 Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction. Planet@ risk . Reed, P. L., Greulich, J. D., Hamer, M. J., Beadling, C. W. (2016). republic of Senegal disaster preparedness and response exercise. Annals of Global Health , 420-421. Rimal, B. Z., Kunwar, R., Zhai, Y. (2017). Monitoring Urban Growth and the Nepal Earthquake 2015 for Sustainability of Kathmandu Valley, Nepa. Land , 42. Xu, J., Nyerges, T. L., Nie, G. (2014). Modeling and representation for earthquake emergency response knowledge: perspective for working with geo-ontology. International Journal of Geographical Information Science , 185-205.

All About Like

All About Like All About Like All About Like By Mark Nichol Like is one of the most versatile of words, with senses encompassing multiple parts of speech. Here’s a review of its various meanings and uses. As a verb, like means â€Å"enjoy,† â€Å"feel affection for,† â€Å"regard favorably,† â€Å"thrive in,† or â€Å"wish to have.† It can also mean â€Å"approve† or â€Å"prefer.† The noun like refers to preference or something that one likes. In recent years, it has acquired the sense of â€Å"an acknowledgment given online in approval of content another person has posted.† The word appears as a noun in idiomatic phrases such as those in â€Å"We haven’t seen the likes of him for a long time† (meaning â€Å"Someone resembling him hasn’t been seen for a long time†) and â€Å"She’s partial to lavender and the like† (meaning â€Å"She’s partial to lavender and things that are similar to it†). As an adjective, like means â€Å"possessing the same or similar characteristics or qualities,† as in â€Å"They finally admitted that they did not have enough like interests to sustain a relationship.† As a suffix, it has an adjectival function. Treatment depends on what precedes it. Most words with the suffix are closed, with no hyphenation, as in â€Å"birdlike movements.† However, if the base word ends with l (â€Å"the cell-like room†) or is a proper noun (â€Å"a Christ-like bearing†), employ a hyphen. The adverb like, stands in for approximately or nearly, as in â€Å"It was more like a dark orange than a pale red.† When informally referring to measurements, the adverb is sometimes used interjectionally: â€Å"It was, like, as long as my arm† or â€Å"He seems to come around every few years, like.† Similarly, it is parenthetically employed in conversational English for emphasis (â€Å"I was, like, astonished†) or, paradoxically, to suggest an offhandedness (â€Å"They were, like, hoping somebody would offer them a ride†). Casually, it can also mean probably, as in â€Å"I’ll be there in time, like enough.† The preposition like means â€Å"comparable,† â€Å"similar,† or â€Å"typical†; that’s the part of speech that is essential in a simile such as â€Å"The grass, ruffled by the wind, looked like a rolling wave.† As a conjunction, like means â€Å"the same as† or appears in place of â€Å"as if† (â€Å"She looked like she was about to cry†). Informally, it is employed similarly to the casual adverb to introduce a quotation, paraphrase, or thought (â€Å"He’s like ‘Don’t even think about leaving now’†) or, following it’s, to express a widely held opinion (â€Å"It’s like, it’s not going to make any difference.†) As a preposition, like is often considered inferior to or even improper as a substitute for â€Å"such as,† but as with some other supposedly undesirable usages, this is acceptable in even formal prose. The adjective like derives from the Old English term gelic, meaning â€Å"similar.† Most of the other parts of speech derived from this usage, but the verb stems from lician, which means â€Å"please† or â€Å"be pleasing or sufficient†; the connection is perhaps that to be sufficient is to be suitable, which is to be similar. Words based on the root like include the following: alike: similar likeable: agreeable likelihood: probability likely: seeming to be right, suitable, or true, or very probable; also, promising or attractive liken: compare likeness: similarity likes: preferences likewise: in the same manner liking: the action or feeling of enjoying a person, place, or thing Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:25 Subordinating ConjunctionsDo you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?Punctuation Is Powerful

The Predators of Sea Turtles

The Predators of Sea Turtles Sea turtles have hard shells (called carapaces) that help protect them, but they still have predators. They are also more vulnerable than land turtles because unlike land turtles, sea turtles are unable to retract their heads or flippers into their shell. Predators of Sea Turtle Eggs and Hatchlings There are some predators of sea turtles as adults, but these marine reptiles are most vulnerable when in the egg and as hatchlings (small turtles recently emerged from the egg). Predators of eggs and hatchlings include dogs, cats, raccoons, boars, and ghost crabs. These animals may dig up a sea turtle nest to get to the eggs, even if the nest is 2 feet below the surface of the sand. As hatchlings start to emerge, there is a scent of egg that still is on their bodies, plus the smell of wet sand. These scents can be detected by predators even from a distance. According to the Georgia Sea Turtle Center, threats to turtles in Georgia include the above, plus feral hogs and fire ants, which can threaten both eggs and hatchlings. Once hatchlings emerge from the egg, they need to get to the water. At this point, birds such as gulls and night herons can become an additional threat. According to the Sea Turtle Conservancy, as few as one in 10,000 sea turtle eggs reach adulthood. Olive ridley turtles nest in huge groups called arribadas. These arribadas can attract animals such as vultures, coatis, coyotes, jaguars, and raccoons, who may gather near the beach even before the arribada begins. These animals dig up nests and eat eggs and prey on nesting adults. Predators of Adult Sea Turtles Once turtles make their way to the water, both juveniles and adults can be prey for other ocean animals, including sharks (especially tiger sharks), orcas (killer whales), and large fish, such as grouper. Sea turtles are built for life in the water, not on land. So adults can also be vulnerable to predators such as dogs and coyotes when they go up upon beaches to nest. Sea Turtles and Humans If turtles survive their natural predators, they still face threats from humans. Harvest for meat, oil, scutes, skin, and eggs decimated turtle populations in some areas. Sea turtles face development on their natural nesting beaches, which means they have to contend with such things as artificial light, and loss of habitat and nesting sites due to construction and beach erosion. Hatchlings find their way to the sea using natural light, the slope of the shore, and the sounds of the ocean and coastal development can interrupt these cues and make hatchlings crawl in the wrong direction. Turtles may also be caught as bycatch  in fishing gear, which was such a problem that turtle excluder devices were developed, although their use is not always enforced.   Pollution such as marine debris is another threat. Discarded balloons, plastic bags, wrappers, discarded fishing line, and other trash may be mistaken by a turtle for food and be accidentally ingested, or the turtle may become entangled. Turtles may also be struck by boats. How to Help Sea Turtles A sea turtles life may be fraught with danger. How can you help? If you live in a coastal area: Dont feel wildlife - you may attract turtle predators.Dont let your dog or cat run loose.Watch for sea turtles when boating.Do not disturb or shine lights near nesting sea turtles.Turn off outside, ocean-facing lights during sea turtle nesting season.Pick up litter on the beach. Wherever you live: Dispose of trash responsibly, and keep a lid on your trash when its outside. Trash even far from the ocean can make its way there eventually.Never release balloons - always pop them and dispose of them in the trash. Use balloon alternatives whenever possible during your celebrations.If you eat seafood, research what you eat and eat seafood that is caught without threatening turtles.Support sea turtle conservation/rehabilitation organizations, even international ones. Sea turtles are highly migratory, so recovery of turtle populations depends on protection in all their habitats. References and Further Information: Network for Endangered Sea Turtles. Accessed May 30, 2013.Sea Turtle Conservancy. Sea Turtle Threats: Invasive Species Predation. Accessed May 30, 2013.Spotila, J. R. 2004. Sea Turtles: A Complete Guide to Their Biology, Behavior, and Conservation. The Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore and London.The Georgia Sea Turtle Center. Threats to Sea Turtles. Accessed May 30, 2013.

Marketing of nuclear power Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Marketing of nuclear power - Essay Example Now looking at the future of the world energy market is to consider trends in energy consumption at the end use sector level. With the exception of the transportation sector which is almost universally dominated by petroleum products at present, the mix of energy use in residential and business sector (commercial & industrial) can vary worldwide from country to country depending on the combination regional factors such as the availability of the energy resources, the level of economic development and political, social and demographic factors. Now the worldwide energy market is expected to increase on an average by 2% per year over the forecast period from 2002 to 2025, slightly lower than the 2.2% average annual growth rate from 1970 to 2002. Total energy use is projected to grow from 412 quadri billion British thermal unit(Btu) in 2002 to 645 quadri billion Btu in 2025. Emerging economies account for much of the projected growth in marketed energy consumption over the next two decades with energy use in this group be more than double by 2025.Economic activity as measured by gross domestic product (GDP) is purchasing power parity terms, is expected to expand 5.1% per year in the emerging economies as... s expected to expand 5.1% per year in the emerging economies as compared with 2.5% per year in mature market and 4.4% in transitional market economies. On the basis of consumption: Domestic or Residential sector: The residential sector is defined by the energy consumed in household excluding transportation uses. The type of energy used by household varies from country to country depending on income levels, natural resources and available energy infrastructures. Households in mature market economies use energy more intensive than those in less developed economies primarily because of higher income level. In Mexico, country's residential energy consumption projected to increase by 3.4% per year in USA it is 1.6% while in Western Europe it is expected to increase by 0.4% per year from 2002 to 2025.Residential electricity use in transitional economies is projected to grow nearly double in the projected period of 2002 to 2025. Household energy use is projected to increase most rapidly in the emerging economies in the coming decades. In this region the population growth and urbanization will increase and create a larger demand for residential energy services. As a result the emerging economies in 2025 are projected to nearly equal the mature market economies in residential energy use. Business segment: a. Commercial sector: Often referred as the services sector or the services and institutional sector, consists of business organization that provides services. Due to slow rate of population growth in mature market as a whole expected demand in this region projected to grow by 1.9% per year from 2002 to 2025. Many countries in transitional economies expected to see their population decline during the period 2002 to 2025; commercial sector electricity consumption is projected

Setting a Home Network Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Setting a Home Network - Term Paper Example Besides the easy handling of the XP ICS, by the XP computer as the ICS host the other benefit is using the internet connection Firewall. 3. Choice of a network technology The commonly available choices are the Ethernet and wireless LANs. When using an Ethernet LAN its essential to have the network interface card, or the NIC that ought to be fitted in each computer and then run the cabling between the computers. Just in case you don’t find the idea of opening the computer to fit/or to install the network card good for you, then get yourself a USB adaptor to assist you. Considering the size of the network, you may also find it necessary to have a network hub or router to provide interconnection between the PCs on the LAN. Two PCs can get by using an RJ-45 crossover cable; three or more computers require a hub or a multi – speed hub (also called a switch). For high – speed internet connection, a high – speed router is a good option. If you decide to have a wi reless LAN as your choice, you may also need an NIC for each and every PC (although there are versions that use USB adaptors as well) the major advantage of home environments is that a wireless LAN eliminates the need for cabling. Although on the contrary wireless LANs tend to be slower, less robust and most likely more expensive than the traditional Ethernet LANs. Wireless LANs particularly do not live up to their stated working range and you may encounter factors such as your construction and design in your home, in addition to interference from other devices which affect the performance of your wireless LAN. You may also need to add an expensive Access point to be able to extend the range of the LAN and more so it may not be sufficient. What is essential here is that if you make a choice of going wireless route, then ensure that the store will refund your money if the LAN will proof not to be reliable in performance within the range specified. 4. Make a list of hardware needed Co me up with a list that outlines the hardware you need for each computer, without forgetting any cabling, and purchase them. If you find it a little dazzling to make an appropriate choice and the configurations, then consider purchasing a networking kit. This kind of kits contain all that is needed to set up a two or three Pc network. If it’s possible, then look up for hardware that contains the Windows XP logo that indicates its fully compatible with XP. 5. Install the adaptors. Make an installation of the network adaptors and also install your modem on the ICS host computer(you may also let the computers connect to the internet independently by installing modems on each one of them) 6. Cable the computers Physically cable the computers and hubs or routers together, as usual you may not need to undertake this if you have decided to use the wireless option. When installing an Ethernet network and you have a lot of cabling work to be done then its preferable that you get a prof essional to come in and do this kind of work for you. It may not be cheap but to ensure that the work is perfectly done with minimal damage done to the walls, ceilings and the floors. 7. Switch it on Power all computers, printers and other peripherals. 8. Connect the ICS host Get to the ICS host computer and ensure it’s connected to the internet. 9. Run the network setup Wizard on

Mortality Rate Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Mortality Rate - Research Paper Example Adjusting the mortality rates is important if we have to compare populations of age-sex groups or belonging to different time periods. â€Å"In order to avoid errors in interpretation, mortality rates must be adjusted to a common population with a known age structure† (Hispanic Health Homepage, 2001). Thus, we standardize the mortality rates. This also called adjustment to calculate mortality rate and its significance is seen when we observe that there are many diseases that occur at different rates in different ages. For examples, cancer occurs most often in elder people while physical injuries happen to younger age group within the same population. So, when we age-adjust the statistics, we can tell what health conditions the population is suffering from and what are the mortality rates when compared with other populations (Department of Health, 1999). If we use unadjusted mortality rates, then this comparison is not possible and it also becomes difficult to interpret the dif ferences between the mortality rates of different populations or different time periods. Question2 Adjusted and unadjusted mortality rates are useful for healthcare organizations in decision making process in that when a speedy result is required in making comparisons of health conditions or mortality, then crude or unadjusted rates are sufficient.

Orbids of the Skull

Orbids of the Skull Sarah Ferreira 1.INTRODUCTION The orbits of a human skull is the space in which the eye and it’s appendages are located. The two orbits in the human skull are conical â€Å"holes† that opens into the midline of the face and point back into the head. Each orbit includes an apex, four walls and a base. The functions of these orbits is firstly to keep the eye â€Å"safe† from any mechanical injury and secondly to supply an entrance for the optic nerve(that transports visual information from the eye’s retina to the vision centers in the brain through electrical impulses) to the brain. A thorough understanding of the anatomy of the orbits of the human skull is very important to any doctor in order to comprehend any disorders that patients might experience that are related to the eye socket itself, as well as to understand the surgical management of this region in the human skull. 2.The orbit of the skull 2.1The general location of the orbits in the human skull: The orbit in the human skull lies anterior to the temporal fossa (laterally) and anterior to the middle cranial fossa (medially). It’s also situated superior to the maxillary air sinus, lateral to the nasal space as well as below the anterior cranial fossa. 2.2The shape of the orbit of the skull: The shape of the orbit in the human skull looks like a pyramid that has four distinctive sides (â€Å"walls†), but as one moves posterior, it becomes three sided( toward the apex). The most posterior portion of the pyramid shaped orbit is the apex (of the orbit) and it’s positioned at the craniofacial junction. ( The apex is also where the optic canal (that contains the central retina vein, ophthalmic artery, symphathetic nerve and optic nerve) opens into the posterior part of the orbit and it forms the tip of this pyramid shaped â€Å"cavity† or structure.) 2.3The bones of the orbit of the skull and their bone classification: There are seven bones that make up the orbit namely the: 1)The Maxillary bone(that is also classified an irregular bone) 2)The orbital plate of the Frontal bone(that is also classified as an irregular bone) 3)The Zygomatic bone(that is also classified as a flat bone) 4)The Ethmoidal bone(that is also classified as an irregular bone) 5)The Lacrimal bone(that is also classified as a flat bone) 6) The Palative bone (that is also classified as an irregular bone) 7) The Sphenoid bone (that is also classified as an irregular bone) All of the above mentioned bones also form part of the human skull. The orbit also contains fissures and fossae where various blood vessels and nerves pass through. 2.4The walls of the orbit The orbit as mentioned earlier consist of four sides or â€Å"walls†. The facial and cranial bones that forms the structure of the orbits also forms these four walls. The walls of the orbit of the skull are as follows: 1)The superior wall/ â€Å"roof† 2)The lateral wall 3)The inferior wall/ â€Å"floor† 4)The medial wall. 3Introduction to the bones of the orbit and the orbital walls that they form: The superior margin and most of the roof of the orbit are formed by the frontal bones of the orbital plate. The inferomedial margin and the floor of the orbit is also formed by the maxilla bone. The anterior part of the lateral wall and the inferolateral margin of the orbit is also formed by the zygomatic bone. Much of the medial wall of the orbit is also formed by the lateral mass of the ethmoid bone. There are also a number of ways in which the sphenoid bone contributes to the structure of the orbit: Firstly, the lateral wall posterior to the Zygomatic bone is constituted by the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and secondly the posterior margin of the roof (or superior wall) is formed by the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone.Thirdly the optic canal (that provide a passage for the optic canal and the optic nerve into the orbital space) which is in the apex of the orbit, is also framed by the roots of the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone.( This†roots† of the lesser wing a lso connects it to the body of the sphenoid bone.) The medial wall of the orbit( that is between the frontal process of the maxilla and the lateral mass of the ethmoid is completed by the small, curved , lacrimal bone. The posterior angle of the floor or inferior wall is completed by the orbital process of the palatine bone that is insinuated behind the maxilla and underneath the ethmoid bone. 3.1The superior wall or â€Å"roof† The lesser wing of the sphenoid bone constitutes/forms the posterior margin of the superior wall and also surrounds the optic canal( that â€Å"ac† as a channel for the optic nerve and ophthalmic artery). Thus the optic canal is situated posteriorly in the wing of the sphenoid bone that is smaller i.e. the lesser wing and this canal also communicates with the middle cranial fossa. (A fossa is a hollow or a shallow depression.) The superior margin of the bony cavity that contains the human eyeball are formed by the orbital plate of the frontal bone and this bone forms almost everything of the superior wall of the orbit except the posterior extremity of the superior wall. This specific part (the posterior extremity) is formed by the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone. The superior orbital fissure is also situated posteriorly between the greater wing of the sphenoid bone and the lesser wing of the sphenoid bone. (This fissure also communicates with the middle cranial fossa and also provides a passage for the frontal nerve, lacrimal nerve, oculomotor nerve, trochlear nerve, abducent nerve, nasociliary nerve and lastly the superior ophthalmic vein). A fossa for the lacrimal gland is made by the roof that rises laterally above the level of the rim of the orbit. The superior orbitals margin’s contour is laterally sharp and medially round. The supraorbital notch also leads from the orbit onto the face at the point of transition. On the frontal bones maxillary process, a small trochlear fossa that is in the anterior medial angle of the orbit gives an attachment to the trochlea. 3.2The Medial wall The medial wall consists of 4 bones namely: the sphenoid bone, ethmoid bone, lacrimal bone and maxillary bone. Thus the frontal process of the maxilla largely constitutes the medial margin of the orbit. The shorter maxillary process of the frontal bone are also met by the rising of the frontal process of the maxilla. The maxilla itself contributes little more than the rim to the medial orbital wall. The lacrimal bone, that has an irregular shape, articulates vertically with the frontal process of the maxilla within the orbit. The lacrimal sac’s fossa are framed or formed by both of these bones. The bony nasolacrimal canal is also continuous with the fossa which also proceed into the inferior nasal meatus below( that is the gap(space) covered by the inferior nasal concha. Posteriorly the fossa is bounded by a vertical ridge (that is named the lacrimal crest) and from this the orbital surface of the lacrimal bone increases posteriorly to meet the lateral mass of the ethmoid bone. The upper part of the nasal cavity are separated from the orbit by the lateral mass of the ethmoid bone. The lateral mass of the ethmoid is pneumatized extensively by the ethmoid air cells and in many skulls this gives the medial wall the appearance or likeness of an unviolated honeycomb. The thinnest part of the wall is the lamina papyracea which means a â€Å"layer as thin as paper† The frontoethmoidal suture is where the medial wall and the roof of the orbit mets. Across this boundary, the ethmoid air cells of the lateral mass extend upward into the overlying frontal bone.The anterior and posterior ethmoidal foramina open out of the orbit along the suture line into canals that pass horizontally between adjacent air cells. The first leads onto the upper surface of the cribriform plate, the second into the posterior ethmoidal and sphenoid air sinuses. 3.3The Lateral wall The Zygomatic bone forms the lateral margin and wall of the orbit and the greater wing of the sphenoid bone, completes this lateral wall The greater wing of the sphenoid also does not articulate with the lesser wing of the sphenoid or the maxilla bone and because of this there is two gaps posteriorly. The first â€Å"gap† is the superior orbital fissure that is located between the lateral wall and the superior wall and the second†gap† is the inferior orbital fissure that located between the floor( also called the inferior wall ) and the lateral wall. These 2 fissures converge in the apex of the orbit of the skull that is just lateral to he optic canal. The inferior orbital fissure is roughly in line with the zygomatico-orbital foramen that opens in the orbital surface of the zygomatic bone.h This Zygomatic orbital foramen can be doubled or multiple or it may be so hidden as to be virtually missed by the human eye. 3.4The floor or inferior wall The maxilla(medially) and the Zygomatic bone(laterally) forms the inferior margin of the orbit that is also named the floor. The floor is also the shortest of all the orbit’s walls) The whole of the orbit floor is also virtually formed by the maxilla bone and the Zygomatic bone. The maxilla bone constitutes almost all of the surface of the floor except the extreme lateral angle.The roof of the maxillary air sinus is also formed by the bone of the floor that is very thin. The floor is completed in front of the apex by the small orbital process of the palatine bone.The inferior orbital fissure is left by the prominent infraorbital groove and this prominent infraorbital groove runs directly forward on the surface of the maxilla.This groove (halfway across the floor of the orbit) becomes continuous with the infraorbital canal( thus the infraorbital groove (and canal) is located in the inferior wall of the orbit and in the maxilla’s orbital plate and it â€Å"transfer† the blood vessels and the infraorbital nerve) , which eventually ends in the infraorbital foramen ( on the anterior surface of the maxilla below the orbital margin. 4The neurovascular portals in the orbit’s walls and in the apex( some of them ( the nerves and arteries that go through passages in the orbit and apex) are discussed below.): 4.1The apex From the middle cranial fossa the optic canal opens directly into the apex of the orbit. The ophthalmic branch of the internal carotid artery as well as the optic nerve(that’s covered by all meningeal layers) goes through the optic canal. Between the orbit and the middle cranial fossa the main passageway is the superior orbital fissure. 4.2The Medial wall The anterior and posterior ethmoidal branches of the nasociliary nerve are transmitted by the anterior and posterior ethmoidel foramina. Corresponding branches of the ophthalmic artery and veins draining to the superior ophthalmic vein also accompanies them. 4.3The Roof The supraorbital nerve and vessels are transmitted by the supraorbital notch( or foramen) onto the forehead. The supraorbital nerve is the larger extension of the frontal nerve and the artery is from the ophthalmic artery. 4.4Floor The infraorbital and zygomatic nerves and vessels are â€Å"transferred† by the inferior orbital fissure. The infraorbital nerve and vessels are carried from the inferior orbital fissure to the infra orbital foramen(through this foramen they appear onto the face) , by the infraorbital canal and the infraorbital groove. 4.5Lateral wall The zygomatic orbital foramen transmits the zygomatic vessels and the zygomatic nerves into the zygomaric bone( this happens beyond the lateral end of the inferior orbital fissure) The Zygomatoc facial foramen is the passageway through which the zygomatico facial nerve and vessel appear on to the head. It may happen that there are two foramens rather than one and this is not unusual. The zygomaticotemporal foramen is also the passageway through which the zygomaticotemporal nerve and vessels emerge into the temporal fossa. Picture of the orbits 5Possible clinical application in Radiography In Radiography(orbital Radiogrpahy) injury to they eye or trauma to the eye are detected by orbital x rays. ( Orbital x-rays are x-ray images of the left and right eye sockets in the human skull. It also includes the frontal sinuses and maxillary sinuses). Orbital x-rays are also used to detect changes in the structure of the eye, which may lead to various diseases, as well as to detect foreign bodies in the eye that a opthalmoscope( that’s an instrument that detect foreign bodies in the eye) cannot â€Å"spot† In the Radiography department there is going to be patients who have fractures and diseases of the orbitals. Some of the fractures encountered could be a fracture of the zygomatic arch, displacement of the zygomatico-frontal suture, infraorbital fractures, etc. It will be expected of every qualified Radiographer to take orbital x-ray images of these patients orbitals. To be able to do this a Radiographer must be familiar with complex anatomy of the orbits in the skull and it associated soft tissue . For example if a patients that’s been in a car accident has fractured his orbitals and this resulted in a fracture of the zygomatic arch, then it would be expected of a radiographer to know where this zygomatic arch is located in order to take an orbital x-ray image of that area. A Radiographer must also have sufficient knowledge to be able take an orbital x ray image in the correct angle or to discern when to take several x-rays (from different angles) in order to show the fractur e to the zygomatic arch more clearly. It may happen in serious emergency cases that the Radiographer must firstly look for any damage on the patients face(before he/she can take an x-ray) , and if this radiographer doesn’t know where the facial bones or orbital bones is located then it wouldn’t help taking an image of the wrong facial bone, because that would be of no usage to the doctors seeing the orbital x-rays, because they want to see the fracture in order to make a diagnosis. A doctor may also ask a radiographer if she can see anything abnormal on the x-ray and then again this radiographer must be able to identify the bones and the location of the fractures. Thus it is very important for a radiographer to know where the orbitals lie and of what bones it consists. 6CONCLUSION From the above mentioned research I conclude that it is very necessary for a radiographer to know the orbits of the eye in order to take valuable x-ray orbital images of this area. The orbitals of the human skull is also of utmost importance , because of the fact that it contains the eye, ( a vital organ that is used in almost every activity of a human being ex. from reading the newspaper to crossing the street) and thus patients that has any damage to this area need to be helped swiftly before a minor orbital injury could proceed to a life threatening injury and results in the patient losing his eye. A Radiographer also pays an important role in â€Å"helping† these patients and must know the anatomy of the orbits in order to supply the doctors with the needed medical information that would help doctors to make a diagnosis. REFERENCES Thogarapalli, N. [s.a.] The human eye: what and importance . http://www.odec.ca/projects/2006/thog6n2/importance.html Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 Scott, O. 2010. Zygomatic Arch and Orbital Fractures. http://www.patient.co.uk/doctor/Zygomatic-Arch-and-Orbital-Fractures.htm Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 Siwek, D.F. 2009. The orbit http://skullanatomy.info/Individ%20Spaces/Orbit/Orbit.htm Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 Farlex. [s.a.] The Free dictionary: orbital cavity http://www.thefreedictionary.com/orbital+cavity Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 Thiagarajan, Balasubramanian Thiagarajan, B. 2013. http://entscholar.com/article/anatomy-of-orbit/ Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 Balasubramanian, T. [s.a.] http://www.drtbalu.com/orbit_ana.html Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 Quizlet, 2014. Anatomy test 3 http://quizlet.com/7795054/anatomy-test-3-flash-cards/ Retrieved on the 2nd of April 2014 O’Rahilly,R., Muller,F. , Carpenter, S. Swenson, R. 2008. Basic human anatomy : the orbit. https://www.dartmouth.edu/~humananatomy/part_8/chapter_45.html Retrieved on the 01st of April Petruzelli, G.J. 2013. Orbit Anatomy http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/835021-overview Retrieved on the 01st of April 2014 Orbits. [s.a.] https://www.boundless.com/physiology/the-skeletal-system/skull/orbits/ Retrieved on the 01st of April 2014 Snell, R.S. 2011. Clinically anatomy by regions http://books.google.co.za/books?id=vb4AcUL4CE0Cpg=PA553lpg=PA553dq=orbital+opening+lies+anteriorly.+About+one+sixth+of+the+eye+is+exposedsource=blots=fJHbn-cfItsig=HzlJmwJuIL1FfloCdW5BUw75e_8hl=ensa=Xei=uvE7U4boOZSqhQernYGgBwved=0CCkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepageq=orbital%20opening%20lies%20anteriorly.%20About%20one%20sixth%20of%20the%20eye%20is%20exposedf=false Retrieved on the 01st April 2014 1

Edgar Allan Poe :: essays research papers fc

Edgar Allan Poe 1809-1849 In personal appearance, Poe was a quiet, shy-looking but handsome man; he was slightly built, and was five feet, eight inches in height. His mouth was considered beautiful. His eyes, with long dark lashes, were hazel-gray. Edgar Poe was born in 1809 in Boston. It was in Richmond that Poe grew up, married, and first gained a national literary reputation. Many of the places in Richmond associated with Poe have been lost, but several still remain. Family Father: David Poe, an actor Mother: Elizabeth Poe, an actress Foster parents: John Allan, Tobacco merchant and his wife, Frances Allan, cared for Poe while he was young, but never legally adopted him. Wife: Poe married his cousin Virginia Clemm Occupations †¢ Soldier †¢ Editor and literary critic †¢ Author Chronology Edgar Poe is the second of the three children of David Poe and Elizabeth (Arnold) Poe, both of whom were professional actors and members of a touring theatrical company. Mr. Placide’s Theatre Company in Boston employed Poe’s natural parents, David and Elizabeth Arnold Poe. They had been married in Richmond while on tour in 1806. Edgar Allan Poe was born January 19, 1809 in Boston, Massachusetts, but he considered Richmond his home, and called himself "a Virginian," where his mother had been employed as an actress. David Poe, unknown due to his more famous wife, his own promising career ruined by alcoholism, Edgar’s father, deserted the family when Edgar was still an infant; nothing conclusive is known of his life thereafter. While appearing professionally in Richmond, Virginia, Poe's mother became ill and died on December 8, 1811, in Richmond at the age of twenty-four. Poe's mother, Elizabeth, was buried in the churchyard of St. John's Episcopal Church where her memorial stone may be seen. St. John's is the oldest church in Richmond and is famous as the site of Patrick Henry's rousing "liberty or death" oration shortly before the Revolutionary War. The Richmond Theatre where Edgar Poe's mother had performed burned to the ground on December 26, 1811, only eighteen days after her death. The fire took the lives of many Richmonders including the Governor of Virginia, George Smith and his wife. At the site of the tragedy on East Broad Street, Monumental Episcopal Church was erected as a memorial to the victims. Her three children, who would maintain contact with one another throughout their lives, were sent to live with different foster families. Richmond families took in the other two children who were Rosalie, only eleven months old, by William and Jane Scott Mackenzie.

Objectives of Kingfisher Airlines Essay

KINGFISHER AIRLINES Kingfisher Airlines Limited is an airline group based in India Its head office is in Andheri (East), Mumbai and Registered Office in UB City, Bangalore. Kingfisher Airlines, through its parent company United Breweries Group, has a 50% stake in low-cost carrier Kingfisher Red. The airline has been facing financial issues for many years. Until December 2011, Kingfisher Airlines had the second largest share in India’s domestic air travel market. However due to a severe financial crisis faced by the airline at the beginning of 2012, it has the lowest market share since April 2012. Vijay Mallya is looking at reports of Q3 of 2008 , thinking that can there beany way to at least break even in this critical time of economic slowdown. Aviation industry is very sensitive industry triggered hard by the recession across the world. Kingfisher reports Rs. 592.96 crore net loss (from exhibit-1) for the quarter ended 31st December 2008. Indian aviation sector is buckling under rising fuel prices & manpower costs and falling air traffic. Sales stood at Rs 1,447 crore versus Rs 1,353 crore, in line with Jet Airways, which also posted a net loss of Rs 214 crore for the quarter under review because of poor load factors. The company claimed that technically, the financial results for the third quarter cannot be compared with the corresponding quarter because the Vijay Malaya-led Kingfisher was not listed last year and this year’s result include figures of erstwhile Air Deccan, which Kingfisher took over last year. â€Å"High fuel and other operating costs coupled with lower load factors contributed to the losses at Kingfisher,† an industry observer said. On the operational front, Kingfisher saw corporate traffic being hit during the quarter because of the economic slowdown. Yields and front-end load factor also suffered â€Å"The full impact of the price reduction in aviation turbine fuel will lower the ai rlines’ operating costs,† HISTORY Kingfisher Airline is a private airline based in Bangalore, India. The airlines owned by Vijay Mallya of United Beverages Group. Kingfisher Airlines started its operations on May 9, 2005 with a fleet of 4 Airbus A320 aircrafts. The destinations covered by Kingfisher Airlines are Bangalore, Mumbai, Delhi, Goa, Chennai, Hyderabad, Ahmadabad, Cochin, Guwahati,  Kolkata,Pune, Agartala, Dibrugarh, Mangalore and Jaipur. In a short span of time Kingfisher Airline has carved a niche for itself. The airline offers several unique services to its customers. These include: personal valet at the airport to assist in baggage handling and boarding, exclusive lounges with private space, accompanied with refreshments and music at the airport, audio and video on-demand, with extra-wide personalized screens in the aircraft, sleeperette seats with extendable footrests, and three-course gourmet cuisine. CURRENT SCENARIO Kingfisher Airlines currently operates with a brand new fleet of 8 AirbusA320 aircraft, 3 Airbus A319-100 aircraft and 4 ATR-72 aircraft. It was thefirst airline in India to operate with all new aircrafts. Kingfisher Airlines isalso the first Indian airline to order the Airbus A380. It placed orders for 5 A380s, 5 A350-800 aircrafts and 5Airbus A330-200 aircrafts in a deal valued at over $3 billion on June 15,2005. With the sign of trouble in aviation industry, Kingfisher airlines and Jet airways (used to be competitors), formed alliance (October, 2008) to significantly rationalize and reduce costs and provide improved standards and a wider choice of air travels options to consumers with immediate effect. †¢Kingfisher airline has won global awards at the SKYTRAX World Airline Awards ceremony held recently in Hamburg, Germany (2009). †¢Air France –KLM is in talks with Jet Airways and Kingfisher Airline for having a code-share agreement .The conclusion of this agreement. MERGERS AND ACQISITIONS Dec. 2007Low-cost carrier Deccan and Vijay Mallya-led Kingfisher Airlines decided to merge and create a single corporate entity to cut down operational costs and accelerate their journey to profitability. Shares of Deccan Aviation have doubled in a little over a month in anticipation of a reverse merger of Kingfisher Airlines into Deccan Aviation. Details of Deccan-Kingfisher merger, valuations and swap ratio will be worked out by  accountancy firm KPMG. Mallya would be the chairman and CEO of the merged entity, while executive chairman of Deccan, Captain G R Gopinath would be the vice-chairman. STRATEGIC PARTNERS 1. Kingfisher Airlines Inks Strategic Alliance with American Express. Partners launch India’s first Airline Corporate Charge Card Program Fast track Corporate Savings with exclusive Rebates, Discounts, and Employee Rewards with King Club and Bonus Points. 2. Strategic and operational alliance with rival domestic carrier Jet Airways owned by Naresh Goel in 2009. Current strategy of Kingfisher Airlines Following strategies were followed to make it one of the leading Airlines in India. Functional strategies It planned to re-launch its commercial air service called UB Airway again which it had to withdraw it due to government restrictions. The Company gave best services to its customers that were like providing world class interiors, and in-flight entertainment systems. The company came up with only one class airlines rather than other airlines that had Business Class; Economy Class the idea was to combine Business Class experiences and Economy Class experiences in one. Having a single class freed up more leg space for passengers when compared to normal economy class flights. The company started addressing its customers as â€Å"GUEST† rather than passengers. The company made its mark by providing its guests with more legroom and bigger seats so as to provide better comfort.KFA has set its sight to become India’s largest airline both is capacity and in market share. KFA’s Promotional Strategies & Marketing Strategies It came up with a very appealing Promotional line â€Å"Fly the good times† and  it reflected in the experience the company offered to its passengers.   KFA is also launched Kingfisher express In order to tap into the growing LCCsegment. Also launched the facility of web check-in, allowing travelers to print their boarding passes via www.flykingfisher.com and the introduction of the Roving Agent at the airport. The Roving Agent is like a check-in counter on the move. You no longer need to go to the check-in counter and wait for long. As part of its Promotional strategy the marketing team of KFA showcased the airline as â€Å"the new flying experience†. The following initiatives were taken as part of its promotional strategy†¦Advertisements hoardings at airports depicted the stylish interiors of the â€Å"Fun liners†, which conveyed youthful, fun-filled, and world class image. INOX multiplexes in Mumbai publicized KFA’s special offers for a month. KFA was the official travel airlines for the cast and crew of â€Å"Mangal Pandey†- the movie . KFA made use of various fashion shows, celebrity golf matches, New Year parties allto build its â€Å"Kingfisher† brand. The UB groups’ monthly magazine called â€Å"Pegasus† published information about-face along with other information related to UB group. KFA launched many attractive offers to promote its sales like the â€Å"King Card† in association with ICICI Bank, in August 2005. This was meant to create loyal customers for KFA by providing benefits like privileged access to lounges, restaurants, free refreshments at airports, access to 180 golf clubs across India, special invites for lifestyle shows. In October, KFA launched â€Å"Chill Times Offer â€Å"in the month of August 2005 and September 2005. In October they launched the â€Å"King Saver Offer â€Å"which said â€Å"Fly like a King, don’t play like one†. KFA targeted the frequent fliers  business traveler segment, which was dominated by Jet Airways. By offering a â€Å" King Saver Booklet†, this booklet contained six free flight tickets and was presented as a free gift if the passenger bought two such booklets each worth Rs. 26,999.Passengers could avail off this offer if they showed there Jet Privilege Member (Gold or Platinum) card. Financial strategies: KFA came up with many new financial strategic moves that made it one of the leaders of aviation industry the company had adopted following strategies: 1. The company is planning to spend close to Rs 40 crore on various media and below-the-line marketing activities for the year 2009-10 2. Cut down the salaries of the staff like trainee pilot now drawing Rs20k as compare to Rs2.0lacs. 3. To come over the financial crisis the KFL is considering an option of retrenchment. 4. It purchased brand new A320 aircrafts powered by the cockpit that was a paperless environment. 5. KFA was first Indian carrier to place an order for A380s. Expansion strategy To further its expansion plan KFA put in its bid to buy Sahara in November 2005.However negotiation came to a standstill when KFA felt the valuation of Sahara Airlines of around US$750mn to US$1 bn. was too high.KFA has plans to make an Initial Public Offer (IPO) and raise around US$200 mn that would be used for its fleet acquisition and route expansion activities.KFA set up Kingfisher International Inc. (KII), a subsidiary in US for its international operations. KFA plans to operate international routs by end of 2007. But KFA had yet to receive permission from the Indian government. According to Indian government domestic air carriers are not allowed to fly  international routes without five year of domestic flying experience. But Mr. Mallya said if he failed to convince the government to change its rules, it would start an airline in a foreign country and fly it to India. Human Resource Strategies Prior to launch, KFA signed a â€Å"non-poaching alliance† with Air Deccan under which both the airlines agreed not to hire each other’s employee. KFA’s flight attendants called â€Å"Flying models† were selected through a national level model contest.KFA also stressed the fact that its employees had to be capable enough to meet the airlines’ high service standards.Mr. Mallya said â€Å"Kingfisher Airlines Limited has a first class management team not just at top most level but also in the second line. This is part of the UB group’s commitment to human resources†. *Recommended Strategies 1. Should tie up with different state tourism (like Goa, Kerala, Tamil Nadu etc) to promote domestic air traffic. 2. Running online contests to boost traffic 3. Looking at partnering with premium hotels, so that the customers of hotels directly choose Kingfisher airlines for traveling. 4. To minimize the air fuel cost and other operating expenses of aircraft they should purchase new more fuel efficient and advance technology based aircraft. 5. Code sharing with other airlines. 6. Rescheduling of flights so that they can adjust the load. 7. More tie ups are required like they can also be a part of STAR alliance. 8. At the time of recession making collusions and cartels could be a good idea. 9. In such a scenario it is imperative for any airline to build its brand and have focused marketing strategy and created a new category of Aviation hospitality thus making service and hospitality as main focus. 10. The Company should join hands with certain banks like ICICI, SBI etc. to offer e-ticketing.

Admission Essay Help Online

Admission Essay Help Online Admission Essay Help Online So that big moment has finally arrived and you are now seeking admission in the college of your dreams- in the subject of your choice-but you have to first get over a big obstacle in your way- your admission essay. If this is the case dont panic because here is some timely admission essay help that can enable you to emerge a winner. Getting admission in to a good college is getting tougher every year with more and more students vying for fewer seats. This is where admission essay help can move in and save the day by singling you out from the crowd and getting the admissions committee to write that magic word, Accept on your paper. So what does the secret formula of admission essay help consist of? The right length An admission essay should not ramble on endlessly and bore your reader to death. It is so easy to write sentence after sentence without really saying anything meaningful and this is bound to get you in to the bad books of your reader. So the first rule- if you are seeking admission essay help is to stick to the point by observing a word limit of approximately 500 words: The right topic No article on admission essay helpwould be complete if it did not draw your attention to the fact that the first step in writing a really good admissions essay is to choose your topic wisely. While most colleges will ask you to tell them about yourself-it is then up to you to zero in on which aspect of your personality you are going to write about. Admission essay help can be available to you in the form of an enjoyable activity that can then be linked to the subject of your choice. Just ensure that you write about it in an inspiring and relevant manner. It may be that you are fond of horse riding or that you are a long distance runner-well then the next question is-what are the vital lessons of life that you learnt from this activity and how are you looking to relate these learnings to your college life? Use plenty of imagination as well as facts to weave your life story in with interesting details from real life. This will give you some admission essay help that will place you head and shoulders above the rest. Read also: What is a Thesis? Political Science Thesis Dissertation Topics APA Thesis Writing a Term Paper

10 CCOT Essay Topics on Chemistry Research

10 CCOT Essay Topics on Chemistry Research Has your professor tasked you with writing a CCOT Essay on Chemistry Research? Not sure where to begin? If you are reading this guide, your troubles are over! We have helped hundreds to thousands of students write excellent CCOT essays and this guide will help you get started too. For any particular subject/topic, we introduce three major guides that contain almost everything about the particular topic you want to write on, plus how it’s written, and the basics and methods of writing it. This has been proven to be very useful and had helped many students produce stellar assignments. We hope you will benefit the same way, once you’re done reading and following all three of our guides. In this first guide, 10 facts for a CCOT essay on chemistry research, you are introduced to 10 credible facts on Chemistry Research, so that you have the context and information you need to write a CCOT essay on your own. In our second guide, 20 topics for a CCOT essay on chemistry research, we’ve compiled 20 topics relevant to chemistry research, so you won’t have to bother thinking about what topics to write on. The topic suggestions will certainly help you start writing instantaneously. We’ve also included a sample essay based on one of the 20 topics so that you can see how a CCOT essay is written on Chemistry Research. Finally, in our last and third guide, how to write a CCOT essay on chemistry research, we explain what a CCOT essay is at its core, how it’s written and the formats as well as methods used in it. This will go a long way to help you write an exemplary essay, leaving your professors awestruck. Here are the 10 Facts on Chemistry Research: The bonding of hydrogen is one of the most important aspects of biochemistry and psychiatry that help study chemical events and how molecules interact with each other. This results in behaviors that are highly observable. Here is why this is considered very important. Hydrogen bonding is crucially important for our body and nervous system. It gives way to the study of biochemical neuro translation. Hydrogen bonding form a dipole-dipole moment since they are highly electronegative – they have partially positive and partially negative charges. In order to have proper analysis or research on a specific chemical you have to do a load of specifics processes. You have to do some sampling, which may result in sampling errors that need to be corrected. Naming the sampling is also necessary in order to know what is what. It’s time to prepare your samples for analysis. After the preparation, the analysis takes place. Signals are recorded and evaluated. These signals are then processed accordingly. The result of the analysis is then evaluated to see the correctness, exactness and reproducibility. After the evaluation, the analysis is checked for plausibility. If plausible, it’s certified by the rightful authorities. In the end, the research or analysis is filed in a journal. There are two types of methods for quantitative analysis. First - atomic spectroscopy is used for heavy metals that are found in soil, waste or water. Second - gas chromatography is used for solvents present in soil, water, air or waste water. The definition of analytical chemistry is not universal and there seems to be disagreement regarding it. It states â€Å"the analysis of chemicals to describe their property and characterizing their composition through qualitative and quantitative measurements is known as Analytical Chemistry†. However, the real description of analytical chemistry is something else. Many renowned chemists don’t consider analytical chemistry to be a branch of chemistry. In fact, they consider it an application of chemical knowledge. The craft of analytical chemistry is often misinterpreted as chemical analysis; however, both are different and play uniquely different roles. Analytical chemistry is responsible for the development of procedures and methods, improvising them and establishing old methods into new types of samples – which can be used to measure chemical phenomena. In order words, analytical chemistry is used to enhance studies and research that revolve around chemistry itself. There are a plethora of answers to the question, â€Å"What is the perspective of analytical chemistry?† However, this can be easily described in a five-step process. First, identify the problem and then define what it is. Create an experimental procedure to find the solution. Conduct the experiment and gather necessary data needed for evaluation. Analyze the data obtained from the experiment. Once the solution has been found, propose it. The bonding capacity of hydrogen is highly electronegative which helps create a strong electrical attraction, allowing various molecules, peptides and amino acids to get glued together. Neuropeptides have revolutionized psychiatric research in the past few years. The peptides are actually formed through a process known as â€Å"dehydration synthetics†, where hydrogen separates itself from oxygen; i.e. separation of H2O. There are three constructs of neuropeptides which lay the foundation of the theory of neuropeptides: Peptides are chemical signals in the endocrine system that includes the nervous system of the peripheral. The general principle is that neuroscience is actually the necro secretion of peptides. The last construct is that these neuropeptides are responsive to the nervous system. Neuropeptides are the most diversified and complex class of signaling molecules that are triggered through psychological processes in the body and nervous system. One of the most important polypeptides is the Cyclase Activating Polypeptide. Blocking of this peptide results in the symptoms of depression, anxiety and distress. We’re sure you found these facts interesting. These will substantially help you write an excellent CCOT essay. Let’s move on to our next guide, 20 topics for a CCOT essay on chemistry research, where you are provided with 20 relevant topics along with a sample essay to help you start writing without any hitches. Be sure to follow up with our final guide, how to write a CCOT essay on chemistry research, which tells you exactly how a CCOT essay is written, along with some tips to make it strikingly awesome. References: Ruben Rafayelyan, (2016) Neuropeptides, Depression and Biochemistry UC Irvine Department of Social Scienceshttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/270274708_Chemistry_research_paper Prof. Dr. Manfred Sietz and Dr. Andreas Sonnenberg – Short introduction intoAnalytical Chemistry, FH Lippe und Hà ¶xter, University of Applied Science. https://www.hs-owl.de/fb8/fileadmin/download_verzeichnis/chemie/Analytical_Chemistry.pdf Prof. Clemens F Kaminski, (2013) Part I Chemical Engineering Section 2 (ex-ET) ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY CFK/PJB http://six.cheng.cam.ac.uk/wiki/images/0/01/AChem_Notes.pdf Liu, H., Dasgupta, P. K. (1996). Analytical chemistry in a drop. Solvent extraction in a microdrop. Analytical Chemistry, 68(11), 1817-1821. Booksh, K. S., Kowalski, B. R. (1994). Theory of analytical chemistry. Analytical Chemistry, 66(15), 782A-791A. Backes, C., Sedaghat-Hamedani, F., Frese, K., Hart, M., Ludwig, N., Meder, B., Keller, A. (2016). Bias in high-throughput analysis of miRNAs and implications for biomarker studies. Analytical chemistry, 88(4), 2088-2095. Armstrong, D. W. (2016). Enhanced Performance Separations: Smaller, Faster, More Complex Samples. Analytical chemistry.